Kizil, Hamit EmreUlcay, SibelEkincioglu, YavuzOgutcu, HaticeAgar, Guleray2026-02-282026-02-2820250921-96681573-9104https://doi.org/10.1007/s11130-025-01304-zhttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/5939This investigation examined methanol extracts obtained from the whole plant (encompassing all organs except roots), flowers, and fruits of wild Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera, a liquorice cultivar indigenous to the Cappadocia region of T & uuml;rkiye, constituting the first comprehensive in vitro and in silico analysis of this species within the region. Anatomical identification revealed distinctive structural characteristics, including thick-walled epidermal cells in the stem, organized clusters of collenchyma cells, and well-defined sclerenchyma layers encompassing the vascular bundles. The petiole exhibited a characteristic heart-shaped morphology containing three vascular bundles, while foliar analysis demonstrated the presence of stomata on both adaxial and abaxial surfaces, accompanied by a bifacial mesophyll arrangement. The extracts demonstrated remarkable antimicrobial efficacy against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, as well as various fungal species. Furthermore, significant cytotoxic activity was observed against non-small cell lung cancer (H460), with the whole plant extract exhibiting IC50 values of 117.8 mu g/mL (24 h) and 105.6 mu g/mL (48 h). Flower extracts demonstrated IC50 values of 116.8 mu g/mL (24 h) and 112.7 mu g/mL (48 h), while fruit extracts displayed superior potency with IC50 values of 104.4 mu g/mL (24 h) and 63.09 mu g/mL (48 h). Molecular docking analyses, conducted utilizing AutoDock Tools 1.5.6 and BIOVIA Discovery Studio Visualizer 4.5, revealed significant protein-ligand interactions, yielding optimal binding energy and inhibition constant values of -9.57 kcal/mol and 96.92 nM, respectively. The RMSD values were calculated based on structural variations between ligand-protein complexes during re-docking procedures. These findings underscore the substantial biological potential of Glycyrrhiza glabra var. glandulifera from Cappadocia, necessitating further comprehensive investigation.eninfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessGlycyrrhiza glabra var. glanduliferaGlycyrrhizic acidAntimicrobial activitiesCytotoxicityBrafMolecular dockingArticle80110.1007/s11130-025-01304-z399281872-s2.0-85218134238Q2WOS:001417575300004Q1