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    EFFECT OF PESTICIDE USE ON HONEYBEES (APIS MELLİFERA L.)
    (Bayburt Üniversitesi, 2024) Acar, Veli
    Pesticides are chemicals that represent a wide variety of chemical compounds such as insecticides, herbicides, fungicides and plant growth regulators, are widely used throughout the world, and are in the second group after fertilizers in terms of quantity. Pesticides harm not only pollinators but also the entire environment and natural life. Honey bees are the most economically important pollinator insects around the world. Due to a deficiency in the number of genes encoding detoxification enzymes, honeybees are much more sensitive to toxins than other insects. For this reason, farmers' application of pesticides during the flowering period of plants has great destructive effects on bees. In order to make the beekeeping sector sustainable, farmers engaged in crop production and beekeepers should communicate among themselves. It is very important to move the hives or close the flight holes at the time of pesticide application.
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    NAVIGATION IN HONEYBEES
    (Bayburt Üniversitesi, 2024) Acar, Veli
    Karl Von Frisch is a famous animal scientist of German-Austrian origin who lived between (1886-1982). Karl Von Frisch specialized in the field of animal behavior and spent his life researching animal behavior. He carried out significant research on insect species, and especially on bees. He spent a significant part of his life on bee behavior and specifically on "Tail Wagging Dance", one of the most important bee behaviors. He spent it on (Waggle Dance). In the communication system of honey bees, honey bees use a special method called "bee dance". Dance movements were discovered by Austrian scientist Karl von Frisch. Karl von Frisch figured out how honeybees transfer information to each other in the hive by using a unique dance. Honeybee (Apis) dance communication is arguably the most celebrated among animals. Bees dance to communicate the location of valuable resources to their nestmates, and dances are effective in recruiting additional foragers to these resources. Bees dance as an interesting communication system. When worker bees or bees, defined as field bees, find a food source and come to the hive, they teach the direction, distance and amount of the source to the other bees in the hive with their unique movements called "bee dance". In this way, bees can find the food source kilometers away from the hive without wasting too much time and energy.
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    THE IMPACT OF CLIMATE AND ENVIRONMENTAL CHANGE ON HONEY BEES AND BEEKEEPING
    (Bayburt Üniversitesi, 2024) Acar, Veli; Erdoğan, Yaşar
    Climate and environmental change is one of the biggest challenges of the twenty-first century. Extreme weather conditions and natural disasters have caused great harm to honey bees. It is clear that climate and environmental change will be a very important stress factor for bee colonies and beekeepers, increasing bee colony losses and decreasing income levels. In this study, we propose the main challenges that beekeepers will face in the future due to the changing climate and some precautions that should be taken (beekeepers moving to pollen-rich areas, providing additional food supplements to colonies, providing clean water sources, changing the type of hives, afforestation in the apiary, changing the harvest time). In addition, beekeepers face serious constraints and by integrating climate conditions with existing knowledge and local practices, we can strengthen beekeepers' adaptive capacity.