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    Bio-inspired passive cooling of photovoltaic modules using Sphagnum palustre moss: An experimental study
    (Pergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd, 2026) Cuce, Pinar Mert; Abay, Gokhan; Cuce, Erdem; Guclu, Tamer; Alvur, Emre
    This study investigates the potential of Sphagnum palustre moss as a completely natural, passive evaporative cooling medium for photovoltaic (PV) modules. Unlike synthetic hydrogels or complex biomimetic structures, the proposed system utilises the innate porous structure and high water-retention capacity (up to 20 times its dry weight) of natural moss to facilitate rapid heat dissipation. Experimental evaluations conducted under effective solar irradiances of 510.4-820.9 W/m2 demonstrate that the moss-cooled configuration achieves a remarkable temperature reduction of 27.4-39.8 degrees C compared to uncooled standalone panels. These thermal improvements translate into relative power gains of 6.10% to 11.66% and an exceptional evaporative cooling power of up to 598 W/m2. The results establish Sphagnum palustre as a highly effective, biodegradable, and low-cost alternative for PV thermal management, offering performance competitive with advanced engineered cooling materials whilst ensuring long-term environmental sustainability.