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Öğe Comparison of the probiotic characteristics of Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) isolated from sourdough and infant feces(Elsevier, 2022) Kaya, Yasemin; Erten, Tayyibe; Vurmaz, Melike; Ispirli, Humeyra; Simsek, Omer; Dertli, EnesProbiotics are beneficial microorganisms with certain characteristics such as survival under gastrointestinal conditions, adhesion to intestinal surface and different functions which result in several health benefits to host. With this regards, this study aimed to isolate Lactic Acid Bacteria (LAB) from sourdough and human feces as two different environments and to test their potential probiotic functions. In total nine distinct isolates were assessed with several probiotic functions such as in vitro adhesion to human colon cells, antimicrobial activities and survival under harsh gastrointestinal conditions. In general, distinct strains showed strong antimicrobial activity against the pathogenic and fungal strains tested in this study. Importantly, the adhesion levels to HT29 cells were determined between 0.29 % and 9.54% and Lactobacillus paracasei F7B showed the highest adhesion. All isolates tolerated the bile salt after 24 h and the infant feces isolates showed good survival characteristics at pH 4.Öğe The Importance of Nutrition and a Balanced Diet in the Elderly during the COVID-19 Pandemic(Bentham Science Publ Ltd, 2022) Esgin, Ozge; Erten, TayyibeBackground: Age is an important risk factor for the mortality rate in the COVID-19 disease, and mostly, hospitalised patients over 60 years with chronic diseases are at high risk of death due to this disease. Along with preventive measures, proper nutrient intake might be helpful in maintaining a healthy state or reduce the severity of the COVID-19 disease in the elderly. Methods: The search was carried out in the PubMed, Scopus, Medline, Google Scholar and Web of Science using the following terms: COVID-19, coronavirus, elderly, elderly nutrition. Results: The requirement for some macro and micronutrients, especially the nutrients that support the immune activity, increases in this disease. During the pandemic, the daily energy requirement for the elderly is 27-30 kcal/kg, while the protein intake is at least 1g/kg, and the ratio of fat and carbohydrate is 30:70 or less than 50:50. The daily intake of vitamin A, B6, B12, C, D, zinc and selenium can also be increased due to their supporting function in the immune system. Probiotics include Bifidobacterium longum MM-2, Lactobacillus plantarum 06CC2, Lactobacillus bulgaricus OLL1073R-1 and Lactobacillus rhamnosus M21, and the consumption of prebiotics in diet enhances the immune function. Additionally, flavonoids, such as baicalin, epigallocatechin gallate, gallocatechin gallate, kaempferol, luteolin, resveratrol and quercetin, improve immunity by reducing oxidative stress in the elderly. Conclusion: Adequate and balanced nutrition diet should be applied during the pandemic; in addition to this, micronutrient deficiencies should also be overcome in the elderly at every stage of life.Öğe Isolation and Biophysical Characterisation of Bioactive Polysaccharides from Cucurbita Moschata (Butternut Squash)(Mdpi, 2020) Jiwani, Shahwar Imran; Gillis, Richard B.; Besong, David; Almutairi, Fahad; Erten, Tayyibe; Kok, M. Samil; Harding, Stephen E.Cucurbits are plants that have been used frequently as functional foods. This study includes the extraction, isolation, and characterisation of the mesocarp polysaccharide ofCucurbita moschata. The polysaccharide component was purified by gel filtration into three fractions (NJBTF1, NJBTF2, and NJBTF3) of different molecular weights. Characterisation includes the hydrodynamic properties, identification of monosaccharide composition, and bioactivity. Sedimentation velocity also indicated the presence of small amounts of additional discrete higher molecular weight components even after fractionation. Sedimentation equilibrium revealed respective weight average molecular weights of 90, 31, and 19 kDa, with the higher fractions (NJBTF1 and NJBTF2) indicating a tendency to self-associate. Based on the limited amount of data (combinations of 3 sets of viscosity and sedimentation data corresponding to the 3 fractions), HYDFIT indicates an extended, semi-flexible coil conformation. Of all the fractions obtained, NJBTF1 showed the highest bioactivity. All fractions contained galacturonic acid and variable amounts of neutral sugars. To probe further, the extent of glycosidic linkages in NJBTF1 was estimated using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GCMS), yielding a high galacturonic acid content (for pectin polysaccharide) and the presence of fructans-the first evidence of fructans (levan) in the mesocarp. Our understanding of the size and structural flexibility together with the high bioactivity suggests that the polysaccharide obtained fromC. moschatahas the potential to be developed into a therapeutic agent.Öğe Sensory analysis and consumer acceptance of legume-based gluten-free bakery products(Apple Academic Press, 2024) Erten, Edibe S.; Erten, TayyibeThe replacement of gluten is essential for the development of gluten-free foods. To achieve this, variety of flours (such as corn flour, chestnut flour, and buckwheat flour) have been investigated by food scientists. Legume flours seem preferable to other flours among these gluten-alternative sources due to their nutritional quality. In this chapter, recent developments in legume-based gluten-free bakery products were investigated. Due to their high protein content, legumes have numerous applications in the gluten-free food industry. However, undesirable flavor formation limits their widespread usage. For this reason, the effects of replacing gluten-containing ingredients with legumes on the sensory properties and consumer acceptance were discussed as the main focus of this chapter. © 2025 Apple Academic Press, Inc. All rights reserved.Öğe Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don bitkisinin antioksidan aktivite, toplam fenolik madde içeriği ve a-glukozidaz enzimi inhibisyon potansiyelinin araştırılması(2024) Cebeci, Fatma; Erten, TayyibeAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G.Don bitkisini yaprak, sap ve rizom olarak 3 kısma ayırıp, bu kısımların protein içeriğini, antioksidan aktivitesini, toplam fenolik madde içeriğini ve ?- glukozidaz inhibisyon oranını belirlemektir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Bitkinin proksimet analizleri Association of Official Analytical Chemists’in (AOAC) metotlarına göre yapılmıştır. Antioksidan aktivite, toplam fenolik madde analizleri ve ?- glukosidaz inhibisyonunun belirlenmesinde ise spektrofotometrik yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Örnekler arasındaki farklılıkların değerlendirilmesinde tek yönlü ANOVA ve Tukey testi uygulanmıştır (p<0,05). Tartışma ve Sonuç: Bitkinin yaprak, sap ve rizom kısımlarının içerdiği kül ve kuru madde oranları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık içermektedir. Buna karşın protein oranı en çok yaprak kısmından elde edilirken (%15,67), sap ve rizom kısımlarında önemli bir fark görülmemiştir. DPPH ve ABTS yöntemleriyle antioksidan aktivitesi ölçüldüğünde; en yüksek antioksidan aktivite rizom kısmında, ardından sırasıyla yaprak ve sap kısımlarında görülmüştür (p<0,05). Yaprak, sap, rizom kısımlarının toplam fenolik madde içeriği, antioksidan aktivite sonuçlarıyla paralellik göstermektedir. Toplam fenolik madde içeriği rizom>yaprak>sap şeklinde, sırasıyla 2,78 ± 0,04; 1,11 ± 0,06 ve 0,81 ± 0,07 mg GAE/ g taze ağırlık olarak bulunmuştur. Yaprak (%52,06 ± 2,87) ve rizom (%54,34 ± 1,10) ekstraktlarının ?-glukozidaz inhibisyon değerleri standart ?-glukozidaz inhibitörü olan akarboza (%43,05 ±1,27) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don bitkisinin protein içeriği açısından önemli olduğunu; antioksidan ve antidiyabetik özellikleriyle insan sağlığını destekleyebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
