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    Examining the attitudes of sexually abused and non-abused individuals towards marriage in terms of ambivalent sexism
    (Public Library Science, 2023) Celik, Eyup; Dombak, Kubra; Kaya, Mehmet; Sahranc, Umit; Makas, Samet; Kocak, Lokman; Takunyaci, Mithat
    The research aims to examine the attitudes of individuals who are victims of abuse and those who are not towards marriage in terms of ambivalent sexism. The research study group consists of 718 individuals between the ages of 18-48. Research data were collected with the Inonu Marriage Attitude Scale and Ambivalent Sexism Inventory. As a result of the correlation analysis, it was concluded that the marriage attitude was positively and significantly correlated with hostile and protective sexism. However, since the relationship between hostile sexism and attitudes towards marriage is lower than that of protective sexism, hostile sexism was not included in the model as a control variable. In the covariance analysis, it is seen that protective sexism and sexual abuse predict the attitude towards marriage at a statistically significant level. In addition, when the effect of sexual abuse on the attitude towards marriage was examined by controlling the protective sexism variable, it was found that it was statistically significant without the effect of sexism. According to the findings, it was determined that individuals who were not victims of sexual abuse had higher attitudes towards marriage than those who were victims.
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    Fear of missing out mediated the relationship between social appearance anxiety and phubbing in Turkish adults
    (Centre Addiction & Mental Health-Camh, 2024) Batmaz, Hasan; Celik, Eyup; Kocak, Lokman; Tufan, Beyza Nur; Makas, Samet; Yildirim, Murat
    The existing body of research lacks investigations into the potential links between fear of missing out (FOMO), social appearance anxiety, and phubbing. For the first time, this study examined the mediating role of FOMO in the relationship between phubbing and social appearance anxiety. Participants included 341 Turkish adults ( M- age = 28.25, SD = 8.02) and completed the measures of FOMO, social appearance anxiety, and phubbing. Results showed that social appearance anxiety was positively related to FOMO and phubbing. Also, FOMO was positively associated with phubbing. The results of the mediation analysis indicated that FOMO partially mediated the association of social appearance anxiety with phubbing. These results suggest that social appearance anxiety exacerbates the FOMO, which in turn leads to an increased level of phubbing. These findings have significant implications for both research and practice.
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    From stress to screen: family factors on the path to problematic media use in children aged 4-11
    (Frontiers Media Sa, 2025) Yayla, Ibrahim Erdogan; Makas, Samet; Yildirim, Selami; Dombak, Kubra; Celik, Eyup
    Objective Today, the rapid development of digital technologies fundamentally transforms how children interact with media. This research examines the mediating roles of parenting stress and problematic media use in children on the relationship between digital parenting awareness and family harmony.Methods The data for this study were obtained from 502 parents with children aged 4-11 years. Participants' daily screen time was 1-2 h (55.8%), 2-3 h (26.9%), 3-4 h (12%), 4+ h (5.4%). Convenience sampling was the method employed for the present study. Correlation analysis and structural equation modeling were performed to analyze the data.Results The correlation analysis concluded that all variables were interrelated. Furthermore, the structural equation model demonstrated that parenting stress and problematic media use mediated the relationship between digital parenting awareness and family harmony.Conclusion This study has contributed to understanding the relationship between parenting stress and problematic media use in childhood, as well as the variables that mediate this relationship. It has provided a new perspective on the variables that should be focused on in preventing and intervening in children's problematic media use behaviors. Practically, the research results provide a valuable reference for university educators, assist school counselors in reducing students' problematic media use behaviors through education, and help parents improve their skills in raising their digital awareness.
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    Moderated Mediation in Problematic Digital Gaming Among Adolescents: Self-Esteem, Social Anxiety, Self-Concealment, and Sensation Seeking
    (Mdpi, 2025) Yayla, Ibrahim Erdogan; Makas, Samet; Kocak, Lokman; Yildirim, Murat; Dombak, Kubra
    Background: Problematic digital gaming among adolescents is a common behavioral issue that has negative consequences on school functioning and mental health. Theoretically, it is predicted that low self-esteem paves the way for problematic gaming by increasing social anxiety and self-concealment; this indirect pathway may be stronger in sensation seeking adolescents. Aims: The aim of this study is to examine the relationship between self-esteem and problematic digital gaming among adolescents, first through the PROCESS Model 6 in terms of social anxiety and self-concealment as mediators, and subsequently through Model 89 in terms of moderated mediation by sensation seeking. Method: The sample consisted of 448 Turkish adolescents (243 (54.2%) males, 205 (45.8%) females) aged between 13 and 18 years (M = 15.9). Participants completed the Game Addiction Scale for Adolescents-Short Form, Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale, Self-Concealment Scale, Brief Sensation Seeking Scale and the Social Anxiety Scale-8. Results: A significant negative relationship was found between self-esteem and problematic digital gaming. Social anxiety and self-concealment fully mediated this relationship (indirect effects were significant). Sensation seeking conditioned the mediation by strengthening pathways to problematic digital gaming (moderated mediation was significant). The indirect effect was greater in those with high sensation seeking. Conclusions: The findings indicate that the negative effect, ranging from self-esteem to problematic digital gaming, progresses through social anxiety and self-concealment, and that this mediation is strengthened in adolescents with high sensation seeking. These results emphasize the need to integrate social anxiety reduction and self-expression skills into interventions in a target-sensitive manner, taking into account differences in sensation seeking.
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    Psychological Needs and Problematic Social Media Use in Adolescents: A Gender-Moderated Mediation via Sensation Seeking and Cognitive Flexibility
    (Mdpi, 2025) Dombak, Kubra; Yayla, Ibrahim Erdogan; Makas, Samet; Celik, Eyup; Sahranc, Umit; Kaya, Mehmet
    Background: The purpose of this study is to examine the mediating roles of cognitive flexibility and sensation seeking in the relationship between basic psychological needs and problematic social media use. Furthermore, the moderating effect of gender on indirect effects has been examined. Method: The sample of the study consisted of 838 Turkish adolescents aged between 14 and 18 (46.2% female; Mean = 15.6, SD = 1.71). Participants completed the Bergen Social Media Addiction Scale, the Basic Psychological Needs Scale, the Cognitive Flexibility Scale, and the Brief Sensation Seeking Scale. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) with the AMOS 26.0 program. Results: A significant relationship was found between basic psychological needs and problematic social media use (r = 0.43, p < 0.001). Both cognitive flexibility and sensation seeking partially mediated this relationship in girls (beta = -0.23, p < 0.001), while fully mediating it in boys (beta = 0.03, p = 0.675). Conclusions: The findings suggest that problematic social media use in adolescents may be associated with cognitive flexibility and increased sensation-seeking tendencies stemming from unmet psychological needs, and that gender plays an important role in this relationship.
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    The Relationship between the Factors That Direct Interpersonal Interaction: Mediation Role of Anxiety Sensitivity
    (Necmettin Erbakan University, 2023) Koçak, Lokman; Çelik, Eyüp; Batmaz, Hasan; Tufan, Beyza Nur; Makas, Samet
    The study's objective was to determine the mediation role of anxiety sensitivity in the relationship between interpersonal competence and phubbing. The study was an observational cross-sectional study based on the survey with the aim to determine the mediation role of anxiety sensitivity in the relationship between interpersonal competence and phubbing. In this context, data were collected from a convenience sample of 321 participants with the Phubbing Scale, Anxiety Sensitivity Index-3, Interpersonal Competence Scale (ICC)-Short Form. Data were analyzed with regression-based mediation analysis and Pearson correlation coefficient. The analysis demonstrated that phubbing was positively related to anxiety sensitivity and negatively related to interpersonal competence. Furthermore, the mediation analysis showed that the anxiety sensitivity had a mediating effect in the relationship between interpersonal competence and phubbing. Furthermore, the bootstrap (10000) method was used to determine whether the mediation analysis was significant. These findings suggest that the level of anxiety sensitivity partly explains the inverse relationship between interpersonal competence and phubbing. Research results both support previous research results and reveal new findings. The findings of the research indicate that anxiety sensitivity is more effective than interpersonal competence in phubbing.