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    High-speed treatment of low strength domestic wastewater for irrigation water production in pilot-scale classical, moving bed and fixed bed hybrid MBRs
    (Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2022) Tuluk, Banu; Yildiz, Ergun; Nuhoglu, Alper; Tataroglu, Numan Suadi; Gulluce, Ekrem; Cengiz, Ibrahim; Degermenci, Nejdet
    To evaluate the treatability of domestic wastewater under conditions of low hydraulic retention time and high organic loadings, 3 pilot-scale automatically controlled membrane bioreactors (MBRs) as classical (C-MBR), moving bed (MB-MBR), and fixed bed (FB-MBR) were established and operated for a total of 268 days. Estab-lished pilot plants were compared in terms of treatment performance, membrane fouling, irrigation water criteria, and power consumption values. Results obtained have shown that all three systems were able to achieve more than 93% removal of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in an average hydraulic retention time (HRT) of 1 hour, and MB-MBR and FB-MBR were superior in terms of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) re-movals. It has been determined that MB-MBR and FB-MBR are also advantageous in terms of power consumption. Especially it has been found that FB-MBR can produce better quality irrigation water with 40% lower power consumption than C-MBR under the same conditions. It was concluded that biofilm-supported hybrid systems could be a practical application in the fight against increasing water scarcity and global warming, both in obtaining clean water with less power consumption and in protecting human and environmental health.
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    Investigation of the biological treatability of pistachio processing industry wastewaters in a batch-operated aerobic bioreactor
    (Springer, 2022) Tirink, Sevtap; Nuhoglu, Alper; Kul, Sinan
    This study encompasses investigation of treatment of pistachio processing industry wastewaters in a batch reactor under aerobic conditions, calculation of kinetic parameters and comparison of different inhibition models. The mixed microorganism culture used in the study was adapted to pistachio processing industry wastewaters for nearly one month and then concentrations from 50 to 1000 mg L-1 of pistachio processing industry wastewaters were added to the medium and treatment was investigated in batch experiments. The Andrews, Han-Levenspiel, Luong and Aiba biokinetic equations were chosen for the correlations between the concentration of pistachio processing industry wastewaters and specific growth rates, and the kinetic parameters in these biokinetic equations were calculated. The maximum specific growh rate, semi-saturated constant and inhibition constant parameters, included in the Aiba biokinetic equation providing best fit among the other equations, had values calculated as 0.25 h(-1), 19 mg L-1, and 516 mg L-1, respectively. The substrate value reaches maximum value and the specific growth rate at this concentration were calculated as 101.379 mg L-1 and 0.1827 h(-1), respectively.
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    Removal Kinetics of Olive-Mill Wastewater in a Batch-Operated Aerobic Bioreactor
    (Asce-Amer Soc Civil Engineers, 2020) Kul, Sinan; Nuhoglu, Alper
    This study involves the removal of the olive-mill wastewater (OMW), which is a significant pollutant, in a batch reactor under aerobic conditions by mixed cultures. It also includes comparison of different substrate inhibition models, calculation of kinetic parameters, and testing the merit of the chosen mathematical model with respect to OMW concentration and changes with time. Average initial microorganism concentration (X0) in the batch reactor was 100 +/- 15 mg L-1. During the study the treatment of OMW with initial chemical oxygen demand (S0) concentration between 10 and 1,000 mg COD L-1 was investigated. Maximum specific growth rate (mu max) was reached with 130 mg COD L-1 initial concentration and 3 h experimental duration produced 57.17% chemical oxygen demand (COD) removal efficiency. Other experiments with increasing initial concentration increased COD removal duration, with 927 mg COD L-1 initial concentration regressing to 8.88% removal efficiency after 3 h. The biokinetic equations of Aiba, Haldane, Tseng, and Yano and Koga were chosen to relate S0 concentration to specific growth rate (mu) and the biokinetic parameters in these equations were calculated. The most appropriate biokinetic equation was the Haldane model in terms of R2 value and the Haldane equation parameters 0.43 h-1, 45.34 mg L-1, and 207.97 mg L-1 were calculated for mu max, half-saturation constant (Ks) and inhibition constant (Ki), respectively. Also, a mathematical biokinetic model including the Haldane equation was used to test the OMW removal performance and it was seen that the chosen model was well able to reflect system behavior. After the calibration of mu max, the most-sensitive parameter of the Haldane model, to 0.22 h-1, the model gave a better fit for all tested conditions.
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    Removal kinetics of vinyl acetate under aerobic and anoxic conditions in a batch bioreactor
    (Academic Press Ltd- Elsevier Science Ltd, 2024) Celik, Beste Yalcin; Nuhoglu, Alper; Kul, Sinan; Irdemez, Sahsetahset
    Vinyl acetate is a volatile organic compound widely used in the chemical industry, and there is a need for effective and economic removal of this volatile organic compound from wastewater and waste gases in chemical industries. This study aims to determine the biological treatability of vinyl acetate both under aerobic and anoxic conditions using mixed cultures obtained from a wastewater treatment plant. Considering the previous studies in the literature, testing the biodegradability of vinyl acetate under both aerobic and anoxic conditions, together with evaluating the effect of other mechanisms, such as adsorption and volatilization, on the removal of vinyl acetate, can be regarded as the prominent part of this study. Wastewater containing artificially prepared vinyl acetate was treated in a batch bioreactor, and performance and kinetic constants were investigated. Aerobic treatment under batch conditions conformed to the Haldane biokinetic equation, and the biokinetic constants of mu(max), K-s, and K-i were calculated as 0.66 h(-1), 19.67 mg L-1 and 50.56 mg L-1, respectively. Anoxic treatment under batch conditions conformed to the Monod biokinetic equation, and the biokinetic constants of mu(max) and K-s were calculated as 0.31 h(-1) and 33.88 mg L-1, respectively. Experiments revealed that vinyl acetate was not volatile, and its adsorption and biological treatment performances were 28% and 72%, respectively. The mixed culture had a very high performance for removing vinyl acetate under batch operating conditions. The primary mechanism of vinyl acetate removal was found to be biological treatment.