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Öğe Avocado–Soybean Unsaponifiables: A Panoply of Potentialities to Be Exploited(2020) Salehi, Bahare; Rescigno, Antonio; Dettori, Tunuccia; Calina, Daniela; Docea, Anca Oana; Singh, Laxman; Cebeci, Fatma; Özçelik, Beraat; Bhia, Mohammed; Beirami, Amirreza Dowlati; Sharifi-Rad, Javad; Sharopov, Farukh; Cho, William C.; Martins, NatáliaAvocado and soybean unsaponifiables (ASU) constitute vegetable extracts made from fruits and seeds of avocado and soybean oil. Characterized by its potent anti-inflammatory effects, this ASU mixture is recommended to act as an adjuvant treatment for osteoarthritic pain and slow-acting symptomatic treatment of hip and knee osteoarthritis; autoimmune diseases; diffuse scleroderma and scleroderma-like states (e.g., morphea, sclerodactyly, scleroderma in bands). Besides, it was reported that it can improve the mood and quality of life of postmenopausal women in reducing menopause-related symptoms. This article aims to summarize the studies on biological effects of the avocado–soybean unsaponifiable, its chemical composition, pharmacotherapy as well as applications in autoimmune, osteoarticular and menopausal disorders. Finally, we will also discuss on its safety, toxicological and regulatory practices.Öğe Discovery of a bacterial glycoside hydrolase family 3 (GH3) #-glucosidase with myrosinase activity from a Citrobacter strain isolated from soil(2016) Albaser, Abdulhadi; Kazana, Eleanna; Bennett, Mark; Cebeci, Fatma; Luang-In, Vijitra; Spanu, Pietro D.; Rossiter, John T.A Citrobacter strain (WYE1) was isolated from a UK soil by enrichment using the glucosinolate sinigrin as sole carbon source. The enzyme myrosinase was purified using a combination of ion exchange and gel filtration to give a pure protein of approximately 66 kDa. The N-terminal amino acid and internal peptide sequence of the purified protein were determined and used to identify the gene, which, based on InterPro sequence analysis, belongs to the family GH3, contains a signal peptide, and is a periplasmic protein with a predicted molecular mass of 71.8 kDa. A preliminary characterization was carried out using protein extracts from cell-free preparations. The apparent KM and Vmax were 0.46 mM and 4.91 mmol dm(-3) min(-1) mg(-1), respectively, with sinigrin as substrate. The optimum temperature and pH for enzyme activity were 25 °C and 6.0, respectively. The enzyme was marginally activated with ascorbate by a factor of 1.67.Öğe Gut effect on phytochemicals(IGI Global, 2022) Cebeci, FatmaThe gut microbiota play an important role for host nutritional, physiological, immunological functions like food digestion, vitamin production, protection of gut integrity, regulation of host immunity, and disease pathogenesis. Dietary phytochemicals are important factors to shape and change the human gut microbiota composition in diversity and abundance context. On the other hand, the microbial community of the gut provides a broad range of enzymes to host which are different from its own resources. This enables human gut microbiota to affect and direct the biosynthesis and metabolism of many bioactive compounds. Bioavailability of phytochemicals is important to benefit from health conferring effects of these compounds. Most of the phytochemicals are not absorbed well by the small intestine and pass through to the gut then gut microbiota acts on the compounds to form different metabolites. Therefore, elucidating the role of human gut microbiota on phytochemical metabolism is essential. This chapter discusses the studies reporting the gut microbial effect on different phytochemicals. © 2022, IGI Global. All rights reserved.Öğe Identification of Proteins Possibly Involved in Glucosinolate Metabolism in L. agilis R16 and E. coli VL8(2015) Luang-In, Vijitra; Narbad, Arjan; Cebeci, Fatma; Bennett, Mark; Rossiter, John T.This study was aimed to identify sinigrin-induced bacterial proteins potentially involved in the metabolism of glucosinolate in two glucosinolate-metabolising bacteria Lactobacillus agilis R16 and Escherichia coli VL8. Sinigrin (2 mM) was used to induce the proteins in both bacteria under anaerobic incubation for 8 h at 30 C for L. agilis R16 and 37 C for E. coli VL8 and the controls without sinigrin were performed. Allyl isothiocyanate and allyl nitrile as two degradation products of sinigrin were detected in sinigrin-induced cultures of L. agilis R16 (27 % total products) and E. coli VL8 (38 % total products) from a complete sinigrin degradation in 8 h for both bacteria. 2D gel electrophoresis was conducted to identify induced proteins with at least twofold increased abundance. Sinigrin-induced L. agilis R16 and the control produced 1561 and 1543 protein spots, respectively. For E. coli VL8, 1363 spots were detected in sinigrin-induced and 1354 spots in the control. A combination of distinct proteins and upregulated proteins of 32 and 35 spots in L. agilis R16 and E. coli VL8, respectively were detected upon sinigrin induction. Of these, 12 and 16 spots from each bacterium respectively were identified by LC–MS/MS. In both bacteria most of the identified proteins are involved in carbohydrate metabolism, oxidoreduction system and sugar transport while the minority belong to purine metabolism, hydrolysis, and proteolysis. This indicated that sinigrin induction led to the expressions of proteins with similar functions in both bacteria and these proteins may play a role in bacterial glucosinolate metabolism.Öğe Isothiocyanates as drug candidates in cancer prevention and treatment(IGI Global, 2023) Saylan, Demet; Cebeci, FatmaCancer is the second most common cause of death worldwide. Many methods such as surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, etc. are being used for treatment. Most patients have a combination treatment with chemotherapy along with surgery or radiotherapy or both. Chemotherapy kills cancer cells by preventing them from reproducing, growing, and spreading in the body. Recently, safer alternatives to chemotherapy have been discovered and developed, as most of the drugs used in cancer treatment have side effects and a serious impact on patient comfort. As an alternative, the phytochemicals found in daily consumed plants are attractive candidates for clinical/pre-clinical evaluation because of their higher safety. In this context, certain degradation products of glucosinolates (isothiocyanates) are promising agents for cancer prevention and treatment. © 2023, IGI Global. All rights reserved.Öğe The matrix effect of blueberry, oat meal and milk on polyphenols, antioxidant activity and potential bioavailability(2013) Cebeci, Fatma; Şahin Yeşilçubuk, NeşeIn recent years, ready-to eat breakfast cereals prepared with fruit ingredients have gained particular attention due to their polyphenolic contents and health promoting effects. In this study, the matrix effect of blueberry, oat meal, whole milk or skimmed milk on polyphenols, antioxidative potential as well as their potential bioavailability were investigated. The phenolic properties of whole milk, skimmed milk, blueberry and oat meal were investigated and the changes in combinations of the ingredients were determined. Milk addition decreased the total phenolic, flavonoid and anthocyanin content of samples statistically and had negative effect on antioxidant activity showing differences among different methods. According to HPLC results, it was not possible to detect catechin in mixtures due to milk addition. In vitro digestion method was used to determine potential bioavailability of phenolic compounds. According to in vitro digestion procedure results, whole or skimmed milk did not affect the total phenolic content of the proportion passing to the blood from intestine.Öğe Methoxy-activated indole-7-carbohydrazides; synthesis, antioxidant, and anticancer properties(Wiley, 2023) Kandemir, Hakan; Izgi, Samet; Cinar, Irfan; Cebeci, Fatma; Dirican, Ebubekir; Saglam, Mehmet F.; Sengul, Ibrahim F.Indole has been known as a key heterocyclic motif in the development of new structures for both chemical and biological properties. In this current study, a new range of indole-7-carbohydrazides has been successfully synthesized starting from the readily available 3-phenyl and 2,3-diphenyl 4,6-dimethoxyindoles. The structures of the novel compounds were confirmed by utilizing H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FT-IR, high-resolution mass spectrometry, and single crystal X- ray diffraction techniques. In addition, the indole-7-carbohydrazides showed promising antioxidant results in preliminary screens. Some of the new compounds generated from dimethoxy indoles were also screened for their anticancer activity against SH-SHY5Y (human neuroblastoma), AGS (human gastric adenocarcinoma), and MDA-MB-231 (human breast adenocarcinoma) cell lines. The results revealed that the compound 12 was the promising candidate, showing cytotoxic effects on both neuroblastoma, stomach, and breast cancer cells.Öğe Molecular Cloning, Expression and Characterisation of a Bacterial Myrosinase from Citrobacter Wye1(Springer, 2022) Cebeci, Fatma; Mayer, Melinda J.; Rossiter, John T.; Mithen, Richard; Narbad, ArjanGlucosinolates are plant natural products which on degradation by myrosinases give rise to the beneficial bioactive isothiocyanates. Recently, a myrosinase activity was detected in a Citrobacter strain isolated from soil. This enzyme was purified enabling its amino acid sequence and gene sequence (cmyr) to be determined. In order to study this myrosinase it was necessary to establish an expression system that would enable future work such as a structural determination of the protein to be carried out. The myrosinase gene was amplified, cloned and expressed in Escherichia coli with a 6XHis-tag. The heterologous expression of cmyr enabled relatively large amounts of myrosinase to be produced (3.4 mg cmyr/100 ml culture). Myrosinase activity was determined by mixing substrate and enzyme and determining glucose release. Optimum pH and temperature were determined to be pH 6.0 and 25 degrees C for the Ni-NTA purified protein. The kinetic parameters of the purified myrosinase were determined using sinigrin as a substrate. K-m and V-max were estimated as 0.18 mM and 0.033 mmol/min/mg respectively for sinigrin under optimum conditions and compared to other kinetic data for myrosinases. The substrate specificity of myrosinase was determined having the highest affinity for sinigrin followed by glucoiberin, progoitrin, glucoerucin, glucoraphanin and glucotropaeolin.Öğe Natural products of relevance in the management of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder(Wiley, 2023) Custodio, Luisa; Vizetto-Duarte, Catarina; Cebeci, Fatma; Ozcelik, Beraat; Sharopov, Farukh; Gurer, Eda Sonmez; Kumar, ManojAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is among the most common neurodevelopmental disorders characterized by motor hyperactivity, attention deficit, distraction, impulsive behavior, and relationship difficulties. It affects children, and thus over the years, there has been growing attention on the use of natural product formulations and their naturally-occurring bioactive for overcoming the problem of ADHD. Concerning this issue, this review aims to discuss the ADHD treatment potential of natural products/formulations in vitro, in vivo as well as in clinical trials. To gather the most relevant data regarding bioactive compounds with potential therapeutic effects in the management of ADHD, the following databases were searched: PubMed/MedLine, ScienceDirect, and Google Scholar for articles in English. Various medicinal plants and their isolated biomolecules have been evaluated in vitro, in vivo, and in clinical trials for their ability to treat ADHD. Most of the analyzed research results showed an improvement of ADHD signs and symptoms in in vivo models, but the molecular mechanisms of action of the bioactive compounds are unclear and incompletely elucidated. Further studies are needed to determine the bioactive compound responsible for health-promoting effects in ADHD. In addition, clinical studies should be performed over longer periods with more participants.Öğe Synthesis of 7-azaindole based carbohydrazides and 1,3,4-oxadiazoles; Antioxidant activity, ?-glucosidase inhibition properties and docking study(Elsevier, 2022) Izgi, Samet; Sengul, Ibrahim F.; Sahin, Engin; Koca, Mehmet Serdar; Cebeci, Fatma; Kandemir, HakanIn this current work, 7-azaindole based 1,3,4-oxadiazoles have been successfully prepared by treatment of 3-(hydrazonomethyl)-7-azaindole with the different acyl chlorides or acetic anhydrides to give the cor-responding carbohydrazides, followed by iodine mediated synthetic protocol in order to afford the corresponding 2,5-disubstituted 1,3,4-oxadiazoles. The full characterization data of the novel compounds were obtained by utilizing H-1 NMR, C-13 NMR, FT-IR, high-resolution mass spectrometry and single crystal X-ray diffraction techniques. The antioxidant activity and alpha-glucosidase inhibition potential of the prepared compounds are examined by in vitro assays. The targeted hydrazide linked 7-azaindoles and their corresponding cyclized form 1,3,4-oxadiazoles exhibited inhibitory potential with IC50 values ranges between 0.46 and 24.92 mM. Plausible binding mode and interaction of ligands with alpha-glucosidase enzyme have been studied by molecular docking, supporting the experimental results. (C) 2021 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.Öğe Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don bitkisinin antioksidan aktivite, toplam fenolik madde içeriği ve a-glukozidaz enzimi inhibisyon potansiyelinin araştırılması(2024) Cebeci, Fatma; Erten, TayyibeAmaç: Bu çalışmanın amacı Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G.Don bitkisini yaprak, sap ve rizom olarak 3 kısma ayırıp, bu kısımların protein içeriğini, antioksidan aktivitesini, toplam fenolik madde içeriğini ve ?- glukozidaz inhibisyon oranını belirlemektir. Materyal ve Yöntem: Bitkinin proksimet analizleri Association of Official Analytical Chemists’in (AOAC) metotlarına göre yapılmıştır. Antioksidan aktivite, toplam fenolik madde analizleri ve ?- glukosidaz inhibisyonunun belirlenmesinde ise spektrofotometrik yöntemler kullanılmıştır. Örnekler arasındaki farklılıkların değerlendirilmesinde tek yönlü ANOVA ve Tukey testi uygulanmıştır (p<0,05). Tartışma ve Sonuç: Bitkinin yaprak, sap ve rizom kısımlarının içerdiği kül ve kuru madde oranları istatistiksel olarak anlamlı farklılık içermektedir. Buna karşın protein oranı en çok yaprak kısmından elde edilirken (%15,67), sap ve rizom kısımlarında önemli bir fark görülmemiştir. DPPH ve ABTS yöntemleriyle antioksidan aktivitesi ölçüldüğünde; en yüksek antioksidan aktivite rizom kısmında, ardından sırasıyla yaprak ve sap kısımlarında görülmüştür (p<0,05). Yaprak, sap, rizom kısımlarının toplam fenolik madde içeriği, antioksidan aktivite sonuçlarıyla paralellik göstermektedir. Toplam fenolik madde içeriği rizom>yaprak>sap şeklinde, sırasıyla 2,78 ± 0,04; 1,11 ± 0,06 ve 0,81 ± 0,07 mg GAE/ g taze ağırlık olarak bulunmuştur. Yaprak (%52,06 ± 2,87) ve rizom (%54,34 ± 1,10) ekstraktlarının ?-glukozidaz inhibisyon değerleri standart ?-glukozidaz inhibitörü olan akarboza (%43,05 ±1,27) göre daha yüksek bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Sonuç olarak bu çalışma, Trachystemon orientalis (L.) G. Don bitkisinin protein içeriği açısından önemli olduğunu; antioksidan ve antidiyabetik özellikleriyle insan sağlığını destekleyebileceğini ortaya koymuştur.
