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Öğe Yield, yield components and fatty acid composition of Artemisia dracunculus L. local breeds under organic cultivation conditions(Univ Agriculture, Fac Veterinary Science, 2023) Goktas, Ozlem; Gidik, BetulThe importance of medicinal and aromatic plants in people's lives is growing due to their various uses and diverse cultivation conditions. This study aimed to determine the yield and yield components and quality features (oil ratio and fatty acid composition according to GC-MS) of six different tarragon (Artemisia dracunculus L.) local breeds grown organically in Bayburt province, Turkey. For this purpose, the data obtained by growing the plants in the experimental area during the two crop years, 2018 and 2019, were evaluated. As for the yield values, the highest values for green herb yield (275.41 kg ha-1), drug herb yield (99.89 kg ha-1), drug-herb percentage (44.00%), green leaf yield (208.97 kg ha-1), green leaf percentage (75.09%) and drog leaf yield (72.48 kg ha-1) were found in the local breed from Bayburt Central location. It was found that the oil percentages, evaluated to determine the quality traits, ranged from 5.39% to 7.02%. The most important fatty acid was alpha-linolenic acid (9.49%-23.1%), followed by linoleic acid (4.18%-13.89%) and palmitic acid (4.05-13.89%). As far as we know, this is the first study investigating tarragon's total oil content and fatty acid composition. The results show that the total oil content of this plant, which has remarkable pharmacological effects, is present in useful quantities compared to the leafy green and does not contain fatty acids that prevent its consumption as food. Therefore, this plant is expected to be used directly in various food products.Öğe Yttrium-substituted Co0.5Ni0.5YxFe2-xO4 ferrites as microwave absorbers by investigating structural, magnetic, dielectric, and absorption characteristics(Elsevier, 2023) Teber, Ahmet; Sarac, Mehmet F.The effect of Yttrium Substitution on Co0.5Ni0.5YxFe2-xO4 (0.0 <= x <= 1.0) Ferrites as Microwave Absorbers was investigated to include structural, magnetic, dielectric and X-band absorption properties. The main objective of this work is to enhance microwave absorption properties of materials with interesting dielectric/magnetic be-haviors by doping rare earth element of Yttrium based on transition metals. The hydrothermal method was used to create Yttrium (Y) substituted nanoparticles, and the effects of Y-ion substitution on the characteristics, structural, magnetic features were examined by XRD, FT-IR, SEM-EDS, TEM-SAED, and VSM, respectively. Electromagnetic properties were obtained from microwave scattering parameters measured via a metal-backed transmission line and Nicholson-Ross Weir techniques using a vector network analyzer (VNA) in conjunction with an X-band waveguide set. Return loss (RL) values of the samples were obtained from the electromagnetic constitutive parameters (permittivity and permeability). According to the XRD measurements, hexagonal crystal structure of ferrite and YFeO3 as secondary phase nanocrystal sizes are between 11 and 67 nm. Refined structural parameters using Rietveld analysis are carried out using the TOPAS refinement program. A good match was observed between the diffraction patterns obtained and calculated by Rietveld analysis. Moreover, the morphological analyses indicate that the relatively small spherical structures of Ni-Co ferrites particles can be seen to change from spherical to hexagonal-shaped with increasing yttrium concentration. The results of the FT-IR study show that the spinel structure has formed as predicted because the expected range of absorption bands is present. According to magnetic measurements, the coercivity (Hc) results show a modest increase in porosity as the Y-content rises. The results revealed that the minimum RL value and bandwidth vary significantly with the amount of Yttrium in the mixture, indicating that the obtained structures will be useful for broadband microwave applications.Öğe What Should Be the Ideal Solvent Percentage and Solvent-Propolis ratio in the Preparation of Ethanolic Propolis Extract?(Springer, 2022) Kara, Yakup; Can, Zehra; Kolayli, SevgiThe biological activity of propolis is mostly due to its polyphenols. Raw propolis is consumed after being extracted in various solvents, ethanol being the most commonly used. However, the ideal percentage and ratio of ethanol for use in the preparation of propolis extracts are uncertain. The aim of this study is to compare the phenolic compositions and antioxidant activities of propolis extracts extracted with different ethanol concentrations and extraction conditions. Two different extraction methods were used, normal and ultrasonic extraction. The propolis extracts were evaluated in terms of total phenolic content, total flavonoid content, ferric reducing/antioxidant power,1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging activity, and phenolic compositions using RP-HPLC-PDA. The propolis extracts with the highest activity were determined beforehand by preparing ethanol-water mixtures at different percentages, ranging from 0 to 99.9%. The most suitable propolis-to-solvent ratio was then determined. The optimum ethanolic percentage varied between 60 and 70%, the ultrasonic extraction process increased the efficiency, and the ideal solvent-propolis ratio (w/v) ranged between 1:5 and 1:10.Öğe WHO CAN UNDERSTAND THE GIFTED STUDENTS? A LESSON PLAN BASED ON HISTORY TO ENHANCE THE GIFTED STUDENTS' LEARNING(Univ Rzeszow Publishing House, 2011) Ilhan, ErsinThe need of gifted students of a deeper understanding of mathematics has lead to the enrichment programs. Al-Khwarizmi's work is used to develop a lesson plan aiming to create the appropriate atmosphere to help gifted students in a modern classroom understand the mathematics created by a gifted mathematician in the past. The objectives and the associated lesson plan developed by the author are suitable for implementation in Science and Art Centers which the gifted students in Turkiye attend after school.Öğe Yogurt ice cream sweetened with sucrose, stevia and honey: Some quality and thermal properties(Czech Academy Agricultural Sciences, 2019) Arslaner, Ayla; Salik, Mehmet Ali; Ozdemir, Salih; Akkose, AhmetThis study investigated the effects of some sweeteners (sucrose, honey and stevia) on the quality and thermal properties of plain (P) and cocoa (C) yogurt ice cream. For this purpose, six different yogurt ice cream samples were prepared with sucrose (control: AP, AC), with honey (BP, BC) and with stevia (CP, CC). The highest values of protein, ash, fat, lactose ratios and lightness (L*) were measured in samples with stevia. The addition of honey increased the b* values. The addition of cocoa increased pH and viscosity, but decreased overrun ratios. Although the addition of stevia reduced the lactic acid bacteria (LAB) counts, in all samples the LAB count was above 6 log CFU/g during storage. Results of the thermal and melting analysis showed that the use of stevia had a positive effect on the ice cream stability by increasing the freezing and melting point peak temperatures (T-f, T-m), the enthalpy (Delta H-f,Delta H-m), and the initial ice crystal melting temperatures (T'(m)).Öğe Views and Opinions of Undergraduate Sports Management Students on their Satisfaction(ExampleofErzurum)(Natl Cave Research & Protection Organization, India, 2020) Sirinkan, Mete; Sirinkan, Cem[Abstract Not Available]Öğe Wet mechanochemical surface modification of calcite employing an integration of conventional design and analytical hierarchy process(Elsevier, 2024) Ucurum, Metin; Ozdemir, AkinThe demand for ultra-fine mineral powders from various industries requires the applications of wet grinding and surface modification. In this study, wet mechanochemical surface modification of micronized calcite (d50 = 4.92 pm) with stearic acid [CH3(CH2)16COOH] was carried out in a planetary ball mill. The seven parameters were specified: ball filling ratio (%), ball size distribution ratio (10 and 15 mm, %), micronized calcite filling ratio (%), pulp solid ratio (wt%), mill speed (rpm), stearic acid dosage (% of micronized calcite) and modification time (min). Then, these parameters were optimized using a conventional experimental design when maximizing the active ratio (%) as a significant value for coated calcite. Besides, the analytical hierarchy process was applied to observe the importance of each parameter. Stearic acid dosage, mill speed, and micronized calcite filling ratio are the top three parameters affecting the active ratio. Next, size distribution, XRF, XRD, SEM, FTIR, TGA-DTA, contact angle, and whiteness measurements were performed on the micronized calcite (MC) and coated micronized calcite (CMC) samples. The final CMC product had a 99.90% active ratio, 2.49 pm mean (d50) particle size, and 101.66o contact angle. Finally, CMC obtained by the surface modification can be used as a filler mineral.Öğe Views on the Usage of Social Media Tools in School-Family Communication(Int Soc Technology Education & Science-Istes, 2021) Kaban, AbdullatifThis study, it was aimed to reveal the views of parents and teachers about the usage of social media tools in school-family communication. In this study, which was carried out with the phenomenological method, which is one of the qualitative research methods, the data were collected using a semi-structured interview form. As a result of the content analysis conducted on the data obtained, it was concluded that social media tools, especially WhatsApp, are widely used in school-family communication. It has been found that the advantages of these tools are free, fast, and easy to use, and they prevent waste of time and workload by sending mass messages. The disadvantages were determined to be used out of purpose and timeless, causing misunderstanding and violation of privacy. Participants suggested that while using these tools, they should not deviate from their purpose, some restrictions in terms of time and content should be introduced and their use should be expanded. The results obtained are expected to contribute significantly to the studies to be done to increase family participation in education and the practices to be developed in this sense.Öğe Vitamin, mineral, polyphenol, amino acid profile of bee pollen from Rhododendron ponticum (source of mad honey): nutritional and palynological approach(Springer, 2021) Bayram, Nesrin EcemIn this study, it was aimed to characterize the pollen collected by bees from the Rhododenron ponticum plant, which is the source of mad honey, in terms of some parameters. In the first stage, the botanical origin of the sample was confirmed by palynological analysis supported by light microscopic images. Then, the chemical profile of Rhododenron ponticum bee pollen was examined in terms of 31 elements, 42 amino acids, 33 phenolics and vitamins A, B1, B2, B5, B6, B7, B12, C, E, K1 and K2. The total individual phenolic compound content of Rhododendron ponticum bee pollen was determined as 11928.23 mu g/100 g, total element content as 13997.75 mg/kg, total free amino acid content as 149466.11 mu g/g and total vitamin content as 20509.37 mu g/100 g. In addition, it was characterized by a low content of vitamin A (retinol), B7, B12, K2, as well as a deficiency of vitamin K1. As a result of analysis with LC-MS-MS, it was found that it contains L-asparagine and myricetin in a significantly higher concentration compared to other amino acids and phenolic compounds. However, the presence of phenolic compounds (myricetin, epicatechin, tyrosol etc.) and amino acids (L-asparagine, gamma-aminobutyric acid, L- Tryptophan etc.) with significant biological activity indicates that this product is a bee product with high medicinal properties. Moreover, the significant presence of Mg, P, Fe and Ca, high K/Na ratio, vitamin C, B2, B5 and B6 content makes bee pollen collected from Rhododendron ponticum plant attractive for diets.Öğe Variations of natural frequencies of masonry minarets due to environmental effects(Springer Heidelberg, 2024) Yanik, Yusuf; Aymelek, Abdullah; Yildirim, Omer; Demirtas, Betuel; Turker, TemelIt is very important to distinguish the reason of change in natural frequencies of structures either caused by a possible damage or environmental conditions (temperature and humidity). In this study, the changes in the dynamic properties of masonry and reinforced concrete minarets under environmental effects, such as temperature and humidity, were investigated. The masonry minarets of Iskenderpasa, Haci Kasim, and Tavanli Mosques and the reinforced concrete minarets of Karadeniz Technical University, Dilaveroglu and Papatya Mosques in Trabzon were monitored by ambient vibration test method, and the relationship between natural frequencies and temperature and humidity was tried to be determined. For this purpose, the natural frequencies of these minarets were measured at certain intervals under different temperature and humidity conditions over a period of approximately 6 months. The vibration measurement system which was developed by our research team was used in the measurements. From the data collected by these measurements, the variation intervals of the natural frequencies (the smallest and the highest values), the percentages of change and their relations with temperature and humidity were revealed. This relationship was determined using linear-non-linear simple and multiple regression analyses. From this study, it was found that the natural frequencies change under environmental effects, such as temperature and humidity, and this rate of change was approximately 7%. There was moderate correlation in Tavanli, Dilaveroglu, and Papatya Minarets, and strong correlation in Haci Kasim Minaret.Öğe Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the transition of primiparas becoming mothers scale(Bmc, 2024) Kirbas, Zila Ozlem; Aktas, Elif Odabasi; Ozkan, HavaBackground The transition to motherhood is an important life event in a woman's life and represents an important developmental process that brings physical, psychological and social changes to gain a new role. However, research on the transition to motherhood in Turkish society is scarce. There is a need for a comprehensive, practical and reliable tool to evaluate the transition to motherhood in primiparous mothers. This study evaluated the reliability and validity of the Turkish version of the Transition of Primiparous Becoming Mothers Scale (TMP-S) to evaluate the transition process of primiparous mothers to motherhood. Methods This methodological research was carried out in obstetrics and gynecology outpatient clinics, pediatric outpatient clinics, and family health centers of a hospital in Turkiye. The sample consisted of primiparous mothers of 0 to 6- month-old babies who visited clinics and family health centers for routine postnatal examinations (n = 305). After evaluating the language equivalence and content validity of the scale, test-retest reliability, internal consistency and construct validity were examined. Factor analysis, Pearson's correlation, retest reliability, and Cronbach's alpha were employed to evaluate structural validity and reliability. Results The final TPM-S had two dimensions with 25 items. Exploratory factor analysis revealed a two-factor solution, which accounted for 59.276% of the variance. Confirmatory factor analysis showed that the model fit of the two-factor model also reached a satisfactory model ft after modification. The comparative fit index was 0.894, the Tucker-Lewis index was 0.882, and the root mean square error of approximation was 0.079. The content validity index of the scale ranged from 0.56 similar to 0.77. The Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.93 for the total scale, and the test-retest reliability was 0.96. Conclusions It is a valid and reliable tool for evaluating the transition to motherhood among primiparous mothers of 0 to 6 month-old babies in Turkiye. Turkish researchers and healthcare professionals can routinely apply this measurement tool to primiparous mothers in the first six months after birth to evaluate their transition to motherhood.Öğe Vertically oriented graphene nano-sheets grown by plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition technique at low temperature(Elsevier Sci Ltd, 2019) Bayram, Ozkan; Simsek, OnderIn this study, it was aimed to obtain vertically-oriented graphene nano-sheets (VGNs) on copper foils using CH4 gas as the precursor material by means of plasma enhanced chemical vapor deposition (PECVD) technique. VGNs were obtained at 50 W, 75 W and 100 W Radio Frequency (RF) powers by this technique and the effect of RF power on the morphological structure of graphene layers was investigated. VGNs were also analyzed by Raman spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and water contact angle (WCA) measurements. The SEM images showed that the VGNs became more tightly packed with the increase of RF power and thus these coating parameters had a significant effect on the morphological structure. WCA analyzes for VGNs were also performed and it was found that VGNs obtained at 100 W RF power had higher contact angle value than the other RF powers. These VGNs, which have both large surface area and optically transparent, are thought to be materials that have the potential to be used in supercapacitors and solar cells.Öğe VIRULENCE FACTORS, ANTIBIOTIC RESISTANCE, AND ANTIMICROBIAL ACTIVITY OF ENTEROCOCCUS SPP. ISOLATED FROM DIFFERENT SOURCES IN ALGERIA(Slovak Univ Agriculture Nitra, 2021) Houicher, Abderrahmane; Alkay, Zuhal; Bourahla, Mahdi; Dertli, EnesThis study aimed to isolate and identify different Enterococcus spp. from diverse sources including dromedary raw milk, rhizospheric soil and natural saline water samples and to determine their antimicrobial activities and safety aspects. From these sources, distinct strains of E. faecium, E. durans, E. hirae, and E. gallinarum species were detected. No virulence factors were observed for six Enterococcus strains while none of the tested Enterococci harboured the genes encoding cytolysin and aggregation substance. All tested strains showed a high sensitivity to many antibiotics, particularly vancomycin, and exhibited a remarkable antagonist activity toward Salmonella typhimurium, Fusarium graminearum and Penicillium expansum. PCR testing of enterocins revealed the co-presence of entA and entB among all tested Enterococci. No hemolytic reaction was also detected in Enterococci isolates, except for six strains. Based on these findings, potential candidates for use as biocontrol agents or probiotic starters were selected for further studies.Öğe Values in Geography Teaching Curriculum(Karabuk Univ, 2018) Degirmenci, YavuzThe aim of this research is to examine Geography curriculum in terms of values, which is renewed in 2017. For this purpose, which values take place in the program, the relation between values and learning outcomes, distribution of values to class levels and learning areas are examined. Document analysis as a qualitative research method is used in current research. As a result, it is found out that ten (10) different values are included in the Geography curriculum. It is noticed that values are included each grades' teaching materials in the curriculum. Additionally, it is found that numbers of the learning outcomes related to the values are intensified in 10th and 11th grades, those numbers were at a lower level in the 9th grade. When the distribution of value numbers due to learning areas is examined, natural systems subject has the highest one, global environment: regions and countries learning subject has the lowest number in terms of value distribution. As a result, it is decided the renewed program aims to raise awareness on values. Suggestions have been provided based on these results.Öğe Utilisation of an active branching sucrase from Lactobacillus kunkeei AP-37 to produce techno-functional poly-oligosaccharides(Elsevier, 2023) Ispirli, Huemeyra; Korkmaz, Kader; Arioglu-Tuncil, Seda; Bozkurt, Fatih; Sagdic, Osman; Tuncil, Yunus Emre; Narbad, ArjanGlucansucrase AP-37 was extracted from the culture supernatant of Lactobacillus kunkeei AP-37 and character-istics of the glucan produced by the active glucansucrase in terms of structural and functional roles were determined in this study. A molecular weight around 300 kDa was observed for glucansucrase AP-37 and its acceptor reactions with maltose, melibiose and mannose were also conducted to unveil the prebiotic potential of the poly-oligosaccharides formed via these reactions. The core structure of glucan AP-37 was determined by 1H and 13C NMR and GC/MS analysis which revealed that glucan AP-37 was a highly branched dextran composing of high levels of (1-+ 3)-linked alpha-D-glucose units with low levels of (1-+ 2)-linked alpha-D-glucose units. The structural features of the glucan formed, demonstrated that glucansucrase AP-37 was an alpha-(1-+ 3) branching sucrase. Dextran AP-37 was further characterised by FTIR analysis and XRD analysis demonstrated its amorphous nature. A fibrous compact morphology was observed for dextran AP-37 with SEM analysis whereas TGA and DSC analysis revealed its high stability as no degradation was observed up to 312 degrees C. Finally, the prebiotic potential of the dextran AP-37 and the gluco-oligosaccharides produced with the acceptor reaction of alpha-(1-+ 3) branching sucrase AP-37 were determined and promising results were found for the gluco-oligosaccharides to act as prebiotics.Öğe Validity and Reliability of the Turkish Version of the Death Literacy Index(Sage Publications Inc, 2024) Semerci, Vahide; Sari, Ebru Soenmez; Seven, AhmetDeath literacy is defined as a set of knowledge and skills that make it possible to gain access to, understand, and act upon end-of-life and death care options. This study was conducted to test the validity and reliability of the 29-item original version of the Death Literacy Index (DLI) in Turkish society. The scale was applied on a sample of 436 Turkish adults determined using the snowball sampling method. Explanatory and confirmatory factor analyses were performed. The scale consisted of 6 subscales. The test-retest analysis of this study showed a strong and highly significant positive correlation between overall DLI (.98) and its subscales (.73-.98). The total Cronbach's alpha reliability coefficient of DLI was found to be .90. It was observed that the Turkish version of DLI was a valid and reliable tool and suitable for use in Turkish society.Öğe Validity and reliability of the Turkish version of the insomnia catastrophizing scale(Springer Japan Kk, 2021) Kabadayi, Fedai; Mercan, Oguz; Yazici-Kabadayi, Sema; Elhatip, Yaser Emir; Buyuksevindik, BakiInsomnia catastrophizing has attracted attention in recent years. Individuals may have started to recognize the importance of evaluating the consequences of insomnia, which has worsened during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. The present study aimed to test the validity and reliability of the Insomnia Catastrophizing Scale (ICS) in the Turkish young adult population. The study group consisted of a total of 387 participants: 57 in the pilot study and 330 in the main study. The majority of the participants in the study were females. According to the results of the confirmatory factor analysis, the single-factor structures of the ICS nighttime and daytime forms were confirmed to be the same as in the original structure, and the fit indices were above the acceptable limits. The ICS forms had very high reliability. The findings of the present study showed that the Turkish daytime and nighttime forms of the ICS are valid and reliable instruments. The results provide a means of measuring insomnia catastrophizing for use in therapeutic and counseling settings for Turkish young adult population. We also propose that mental health practitioners should design interventions to reduce insomnia catastrophizing in Turkish culture.Öğe Utilization of Response Surface Methodology in Optimization of Proline Extraction from Castanea sativa Honey(Wiley-V C H Verlag Gmbh, 2023) Bayram, Nesrin Ecem; Kutlu, Naciye; Gercek, Yusuf CanProline constitutes approximately 85 % of the amino acid composition of honey. Therefore, the quantitative determination of this amino acid in honey samples is used by many national/international authorities to evaluate the quality of honey types. In this study, it was aimed to achieve maximum proline amino acid extraction from honey samples whose botanical origins were confirmed by melissopalynological analysis. For this reason, based on three different spectrophotometric methods used in the literature for proline analysis, proline extraction was optimized with the Response Surface Method (RSM) and Box-Behnken experimental design. Three independent variables were determined as treatment time (2, 6, and 10 min), treatment temperature (22, 46, and 70 degrees C), and cooling time (5, 25, and 45 min). As a result of the optimization, it was seen that only significantly effective independent variable on the proline content of honey was the processing temperature. The optimum conditions obtained as a result of the RSM were found to be 2 min for the treatment time, 70 degrees C for the treatment temperature and 45 min for the cooling time. The composite desirability of the optimum conditions (R-2) was found to be 1.00. It was determined that the method proposed by International Honey Commission (IHC) is efficient for proline analysis, but it provides more proline extraction by reducing of time from 10 min to 2 min in hold time in boiling water bath only during the extraction step. As a result, the conditions to be used in order to achieve maximum proline extraction with different spectrophotometric methods were determined and optimum values were determined. In addition, since the botanical origin of honey samples significantly affects the proline content of honey, it can be suggested that this study be optimized for different monofloral honey samples as well.Öğe USAGE OF BAYBURT STONE IN ROAD INFRASTRUCTURES AS A IMPROVEMENT MATERIAL(Scientific Research Center Ltd Belgrade, 2012) Kamiloglu, Hakan Alper; Yurdagul, Erman; Tekin, IlkerSubgrade is one of the most important factor which affects the operating time of highways. Subgrade of highways which are a part of freight transportation network exposes to more pressure. Therefore, stabilization of subgrades becomes more important for these highways. Usage of sustainable and eco friendly resources produce economic and effective solutions for stabilization of highways. BS can be a good example of the solution which are mined in Bayburt city, the north-east of Turkey. Bayburt Stone (BS) is Eocene age and consist of zeolite minerals. Because of containing high value of amorphous silica, tuffic Bayburt stones have pozzolanic activity. Therefore, the stones have binding characteristics when they mix in lime. In this study, It is intended to show that BS waste which obtained from the stone quarries during the stone processing, can be used as a stabilizing material in subbase layers of highways. Within the scope of the study lime and lime - BS mixtures were used to improve clayey subbase layers. In the experimental studies, different amount of 0.2-80 mu m diameter BS and lime mixtures were used and improvement results of lime, lime - BS mixtures were compared. The obtained stabilization materials were tested for clayey soils. In this context nonconfined compression test, shear box, XRD, XRF and Particle Sizer tests, standard compaction and soil classification tests (Liquid-Plastic Limit Test, Sieve Analysis, Hydrometer Analysis) were performed. As a result of study it was observe that the strength of samples which obtained from lime-BS increased remarkably and it's possible to make compaction with lower compaction energies.Öğe Ultra-thin reflective multifunctional polarization converter with nested circular ring-shaped metasurface-based for C- and X-band applications(Springer, 2023) Kaya, YunusThis article presents a single-layer, ultra-thin and multifunctional polarization converter (PC) design using metasurface. The PC, which is proposed as a single layer, consists of a metal metasurface on the front side of a easily accessible FR-4 material and a metal termination on the back surface. The suggested PC features linear polarization (LP) characteristic within a frequency ranges of 5.21-5.41 GHz and 7.53-8.08 GHz in C-band, also 10.59-10.84 GHz in X-band under normal incidence. It indicates the conversion performance of linear polarization to circular polarization (LP-CP) that has the properties of left-handed circular polarization (LHCP) in frequency range of 5.74-7 GHz in C-band and right-handed circular polarization (RHCP) in frequency range of 8.63-10.15 GHz in X-band. Besides, the suggested PC provides more than 90% polarization conversion ratio (PCR) value in case of normal incidence (0?) and over 80% PCR value in case of oblique incidence up to 45?. Again, the suggested PC offers the same CP feature in two frequency regions where CP conversion takes place under normal incidence for angle of incidence up to 60?. A prototype of suggested PC was produced, measured, and a good match was found between the results simulated via a commercial electromagnetic (EM) simulation program. Finally, the performance of suggested design is compared with existing studies in literature with its high aspects. In this context, the suggested PC may be useful for C-and X-band applications due to its simple structure, ultra-thin and compactness, low-cost, and performance of LP and CP conversion under wide oblique angles.
