Mahmûd Hamza Efendi'nin el-İstikşaf adlı risalesinde vakıf mallarında mahallî uygulamalar ve hukukî niteliği
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2026
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bayburt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Bu araştırmada, Osmanlı'nın son dönem Şam müftüsü ve Hanefî fakihi Mahmud Hamza Efendi'nin vakıf hukukuna dair yaklaşımı, el-İstikşâf an Teâmüli'l-Evkâf adlı risalesi çerçevesinde incelenmektedir. Çalışmanın temel konusu, klasik İslam hukuku ilkeleri doğrultusunda şekillenen vakıf müessesesinin Osmanlı tatbikatı ile bu uygulamaların Mahmud Hamza Efendi tarafından nasıl fıkhî bir zeminde değerlendirildiğinin ortaya konulmasıdır. Araştırmanın amacı, Osmanlı vakıf pratiğinde ortaya çıkan icâreteyn, hulû, marsad, müşeddü'l-miske ve benzeri tasarruf biçimlerinin fıkhî mahiyetini tespit etmek ve bu uygulamaların örf–fıkıh ilişkisi bağlamında nasıl meşruiyet kazandığını analiz etmektir. Bu çerçevede çalışma, vakıf hukukunun yalnızca teorik hükümlerle sınırlı kalmadığını; yerel ihtiyaçlar ve teamüller doğrultusunda dinamik bir yapı kazandığını göstermeyi hedeflemektedir. Araştırmada nitel yöntem kullanılmış; başta Mahmud Hamza Efendi'nin el-İstikşâf adlı risalesi olmak üzere klasik Hanefî fıkıh kaynakları, Osmanlı arşiv belgeleri ve tabakat eserleri incelenmiştir. Metin merkezli analiz yöntemiyle risalede ele alınan vakıf uygulamaları, klasik fıkıh literatürüyle karşılaştırılarak değerlendirilmiştir. Çalışmanın sonucunda, Mahmud Hamza Efendi'nin vakıf hukukunu yalnızca teorik hükümler üzerinden değil, toplumsal ihtiyaçlar ve yerel uygulamalar ışığında ele alan bir yaklaşım benimsediği ortaya konulmuştur. el-İstikşâf risalesinin, Osmanlı vakıf sisteminde karşılaşılan pratik sorunlara fıkhî çözümler sunması bakımından önemli bir kaynak olduğu ve modern vakıf hukukunun tarihsel arka planını anlamada dikkate değer katkılar sunduğu sonucuna ulaşılmıştır.
In this study, the approach of Mahmud Hamza Efendi an ?anaf? jurist and the Mufti of Damascus during the late Ottoman period to waqf law is examined within the framework of his treatise entitled al-Istikshâf an Teâmul al-Awqâf. The main focus of the study is to reveal how the waqf institution, shaped in accordance with the principles of classical Islamic law, was manifested in Ottoman practice and how these practices were evaluated by Mahmud Hamza Efendi on a juristic (fiqhi) basis. The aim of the research is to determine the juristic nature of disposition forms such as ijârateyn, hulû, marsad, mushadd al-miska, and similar practices that emerged in Ottoman waqf practice, and to analyze how these applications gained legitimacy within the context of the relationship between custom (urf) and fiqh. In this respect, the study seeks to demonstrate that waqf law is not confined solely to theoretical rulings, but rather acquires a dynamic structure shaped by local needs and customary practices. A qualitative research method has been employed in this study. Primarily, Mahmud Hamza Efendi's treatise al-Istikshâf, along with classical Hanafi fiqh sources, Ottoman archival documents, and biographical (tabaqât) works, have been examined. Through a text-centered analytical method, the waqf practices discussed in the treatise have been evaluated by comparing them with the classical fiqh literature. As a result of the study, it has been demonstrated that Mahmud Hamza Efendi adopted an approach to waqf law that was not limited to theoretical rulings, but rather took into account social needs and local practices. It has been concluded that the treatise al-Istikshâf constitutes an important source in terms of offering fiqh-based solutions to practical problems encountered in the Ottoman waqf system and provides significant contributions to understanding the historical background of modern waqf law.
In this study, the approach of Mahmud Hamza Efendi an ?anaf? jurist and the Mufti of Damascus during the late Ottoman period to waqf law is examined within the framework of his treatise entitled al-Istikshâf an Teâmul al-Awqâf. The main focus of the study is to reveal how the waqf institution, shaped in accordance with the principles of classical Islamic law, was manifested in Ottoman practice and how these practices were evaluated by Mahmud Hamza Efendi on a juristic (fiqhi) basis. The aim of the research is to determine the juristic nature of disposition forms such as ijârateyn, hulû, marsad, mushadd al-miska, and similar practices that emerged in Ottoman waqf practice, and to analyze how these applications gained legitimacy within the context of the relationship between custom (urf) and fiqh. In this respect, the study seeks to demonstrate that waqf law is not confined solely to theoretical rulings, but rather acquires a dynamic structure shaped by local needs and customary practices. A qualitative research method has been employed in this study. Primarily, Mahmud Hamza Efendi's treatise al-Istikshâf, along with classical Hanafi fiqh sources, Ottoman archival documents, and biographical (tabaqât) works, have been examined. Through a text-centered analytical method, the waqf practices discussed in the treatise have been evaluated by comparing them with the classical fiqh literature. As a result of the study, it has been demonstrated that Mahmud Hamza Efendi adopted an approach to waqf law that was not limited to theoretical rulings, but rather took into account social needs and local practices. It has been concluded that the treatise al-Istikshâf constitutes an important source in terms of offering fiqh-based solutions to practical problems encountered in the Ottoman waqf system and provides significant contributions to understanding the historical background of modern waqf law.
Açıklama
Anahtar Kelimeler
Din
Kaynak
WoS Q Değeri
Scopus Q Değeri
Cilt
Sayı
Künye
HOCAOĞLU, E. (2026). Mahmûd Hamza Efendi'nin el-İstikşaf adlı risalesinde vakıf mallarında mahallî uygulamalar ve hukukî niteliği (Tez No. 1006688) [Yüksek lisans tezi, BAYBURT ÜNİVERSİTESİ]
