Ultrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen

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dc.contributor.authorGürgen, Ayşenur
dc.contributor.authorCan, Zehra
dc.contributor.authorKara, Yakup
dc.contributor.authorSahin, Huseyin
dc.date.accessioned2026-02-28T11:58:12Z
dc.date.available2026-02-28T11:58:12Z
dc.date.issued2023
dc.departmentBayburt Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractBee pollen plays a significant role in bee nutrition, bee population sustainability, pollination processes, and its health and nutritional benefits for humans. It contains protein, vitamins, minerals, and antioxidants, offering valuable nutritional properties. The total phenolic content (TPC) is an important parameter in determining the nutritional and health value of pollen. The presence of high levels of phenolic compounds in pollen enhances their health benefits and can provide protective effects against diseases by combating oxidative stress. In the study, ultrasonic extraction conditions for pollen were optimized using the Response Surface Method to maximize TPC. The experimental study was designed according to Box-Behnken design: 30–70% ethanol ratio, 5–15 min of extraction time, and 10–20% ultrasonic amplitude modulation (AM). The TPC of the obtained extracts were determined using the Folin-Ciocalteu procedure. The optimal extraction conditions were predicted as 60.012% ethanol ratio, 11.054 min, and 19.160% AM for reaching 9.572 mg/GAE g extract.
dc.identifier.doi10.32571/ijct.1340424
dc.identifier.endpage150
dc.identifier.issn2602-277X
dc.identifier.issue2
dc.identifier.startpage144
dc.identifier.trdizinid1227409
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.32571/ijct.1340424
dc.identifier.urihttps://search.trdizin.gov.tr/tr/yayin/detay/1227409
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/5410
dc.identifier.volume7
dc.indekslendigikaynakTR-Dizin
dc.language.isoen
dc.relation.ispartofInternational Journal of Chemistry and Technology (IJCT)
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Ulusal Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_TR-Dizin_20260218
dc.subjectOptimization
dc.subjecttotal phenolic content
dc.subjectbee pollen
dc.subjectresponse surface method
dc.titleUltrasonic extraction conditions using response surface methodology: total phenolic content of bee pollen
dc.typeArticle

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