Türk siyasetinde 367 krizi: Meclis tutanakları üzerinden bir değerlendirme
Küçük Resim Yok
Tarih
2024
Yazarlar
Dergi Başlığı
Dergi ISSN
Cilt Başlığı
Yayıncı
Bayburt Üniversitesi
Erişim Hakkı
info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
Özet
Cumhurbaşkanlığı devletler ve hükümet sistemlerinde önem arz eden bir makamdır. Bu sebeple cumhurbaşkanlığı seçim süreçlerinde siyasal krizlerin ortaya çıktığı görülmektedir. Siyasi ve bürokratik kadroların devlet yönetimi konusunda farklı düşüncelere sahip olmaları ve siyasal partilerin stratejik ve taktiksel davranışları, yaşanan krizlerin temel sebebini oluşturmaktadır. Türkiye örneğinde cumhurbaşkanının aynı zamanda başkomutan olması da orduyu sürece dâhil etmekte ve krizin taraflarından biri haline getirmektedir. Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçim sürecinde Meclis içerisinde siyasal parti ve liderlerin, siyasi görüş faklılığı, siyasi kaygı veya siyasi çıkar nedeniyle ortaya koydukları söylem ve politikalar krizi derinleştirmektedir. Yaşanan siyasal krizler, parlamentoyu aşarak yargıdan medyaya, ekonomiden sosyal yaşama hayatın her noktasını etkilemektedir. 2007 yılında yapılan 11. Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçiminde, seçilme şartı tartışmalarıyla başlayan ve aday belirleme sürecinde yaşanan gelişmelerle devam eden bir siyasal kriz yaşanmıştır. Türk siyasetine "367 Krizi" olarak geçen bu siyasal kriz, Meclis'in toplantı yeter sayısı üzerinden isimlendirilmiştir. Bu süreçte, Cumhuriyet Mitingleri ile toplum, E-Muhtıra ile ordu, Anayasa Mahkemesi'nin seçimi iptal etmesi ile yargı siyasal krizin tarafları haline gelmiştir. Siyasal liderlerin ve partilerin esasen devlet krizine dönüşen bu süreç karşısında sine-i millete dönmek dışında bir seçeneği kalmamıştır. Bu kriz, cumhurbaşkanını halkın seçmesini öngören 2007 referandumuna sebebiyet vermiş ve bu yönüyle Türkiye'de hükümet sistemi değişikliğinin çıkış noktasını oluşturmuştur. Bu çalışma, Türk siyasetinde 367 Krizi'ni konu edinmektedir. Çalışmanın amacı 11. Cumhurbaşkanlığı seçim sürecinde yaşanan krizin nedenlerini, aktörlerini, sürecini ve siyasal hayata etkilerini Meclis tutanakları ışığında değerlendirmektir. Yaşanan kriz birincil kaynak olarak görülen Meclis tutanaklarının incelenmesi ve değerlendirilmesiyle birlikte daha anlaşılır hale gelmektedir. Bu çalışma nitel araştırma yöntemi kullanılarak yapılmıştır. Literatür taraması yapılarak kitaplar, bilimsel çalışmalar, yazılı iletişim araçları ve tutanak metinleri incelenmiştir.
The Presidency is an important position in states and government systems. For this reason, it is seen that political crises arise during the presidential election processes. The fact that political and bureaucratic staff have different ideas about state administration and the strategic and tactical behaviors of political parties constitute the main reason for the crises experienced. In the case of Türkiye, the fact that the president is also the commander-in-chief involves the army in the process and makes it one of the parties to the crisis. During the presidential election process, the discourses and policies put forward by political parties and leaders within the Parliament due to differences of political views, political concerns or political interests deepen the crisis. Political crises go beyond the parliament and affect every aspect of life, from the judiciary to the media, from the economy to social life. In the 11th Presidential election held in 2007, there was a political crisis that started with the discussions on the eligibility criteria and continued with the developments in the candidate selection process. This political crisis, known as the "367 Crisis" in Turkish politics, was named after the quorum of the Parliament. In this process, the society with the Republic Rallies, the army with the E-Memorandum, and the judiciary with the Constitutional Court annulling the election have become parties to the political crisis. Political leaders and parties have no choice but to return to the nation in the face of this process, which has essentially turned into a state crisis. This crisis gave rise to the 2007 referendum, which envisaged the public electing the president, and in this respect, constituted the starting point of the change in the government system in Turkey. This study deals with the 367 Crisis in Turkish politics. The aim of the study is to evaluate the reasons, actors, process and effects of the crisis in the 11th Presidential election process in the light of the Parliament minutes. The crisis becomes more understandable by examining and evaluating the Parliament minutes, which are seen as the primary source. This study was conducted using the qualitative research method. By scanning the literature, books, scientific studies, written communication tools and minutes were examined.
The Presidency is an important position in states and government systems. For this reason, it is seen that political crises arise during the presidential election processes. The fact that political and bureaucratic staff have different ideas about state administration and the strategic and tactical behaviors of political parties constitute the main reason for the crises experienced. In the case of Türkiye, the fact that the president is also the commander-in-chief involves the army in the process and makes it one of the parties to the crisis. During the presidential election process, the discourses and policies put forward by political parties and leaders within the Parliament due to differences of political views, political concerns or political interests deepen the crisis. Political crises go beyond the parliament and affect every aspect of life, from the judiciary to the media, from the economy to social life. In the 11th Presidential election held in 2007, there was a political crisis that started with the discussions on the eligibility criteria and continued with the developments in the candidate selection process. This political crisis, known as the "367 Crisis" in Turkish politics, was named after the quorum of the Parliament. In this process, the society with the Republic Rallies, the army with the E-Memorandum, and the judiciary with the Constitutional Court annulling the election have become parties to the political crisis. Political leaders and parties have no choice but to return to the nation in the face of this process, which has essentially turned into a state crisis. This crisis gave rise to the 2007 referendum, which envisaged the public electing the president, and in this respect, constituted the starting point of the change in the government system in Turkey. This study deals with the 367 Crisis in Turkish politics. The aim of the study is to evaluate the reasons, actors, process and effects of the crisis in the 11th Presidential election process in the light of the Parliament minutes. The crisis becomes more understandable by examining and evaluating the Parliament minutes, which are seen as the primary source. This study was conducted using the qualitative research method. By scanning the literature, books, scientific studies, written communication tools and minutes were examined.
Açıklama
Lisansüstü Eğitim Enstitüsü, Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Ana Bilim Dalı, Siyaset Bilimi ve Kamu Yönetimi Bilim Dalı
Anahtar Kelimeler
Kamu Yönetimi, Public Administration ; Siyasal Bilimler
