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    Antagonistic effects of Satureja hortensis essential oil against AFB, on human lymphocytes in vitro
    (Allerton Press Incorporation, 2014) Ceker S.; Agar G.; Alpsoy L.; Nardemir G.; Kizil H.E.
    Satureja hortensis L. (Lamiaceae) has been used as a folk remedy to treat various such as cramps, muscle pains, nausea, indigestion, diarrhea, and infectious diseases. In this study, the antagonistic effects of essential oil of S. hortensis (SHE) were studied against aflatoxin B 1 (AFB 1 ) in human lymphocytes in vitro. The analysis of the essential oil was performed by using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Anti-genotoxic effects of the SHEs was evaluated using sister chromatid exchange (SCE), micronuclei (MN) tests against AFB1. Also level of malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities used to determine the anti-oxidative effects of the SHEs. This result showed AFB 1 (5 ?M) increased the frequencies of SCE, MN and the level of MDA. AFB1 at the same concentration decreased the activities of SOD and GPx. However, different concentrations of SHE with AFB 1 decreased the frequency of SCE and MN and level of MDA and also increased the activities of SOD and GPx significantly. Especially, the 1.0, 1.5, 2.0 ?L dose of SHE are more effective than other doses. The results of this experiment have clearly shown that SHE has strong antioxidative and antigenotoxic effects, these biological activities of SHEs can be due to its component. © 2014, Allerton Press, Inc.
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    The anti-genotoxic effect of some lichenic acids
    (National Science Foundation, 2018) Kizil H.E.; Ceker S.; Capik O.; Agar G.
    Four lichen secondary metabolites; diffractaic acid, lecanoric acid, lobaric acid and vulpinic acid were evaluated for the anti-genotoxic effects on human lymphocytes in vitro using single cell gel electrophoresis (SCGE) or comet assay. Carbon tetrachloride, a known mutagenic agent was used as the positive control in the comet test system. The results revealed that at all concentrations, the tested compounds mediated a significant decrease in total DNA damage (comet assay) as compared with positive controls (p > 0.05). The most effective doses of lichen acids were found to be 100 ?gmL-1 of diffractic acid, lobaric acid and vulpinic acid, and 50 ?gmL-1 of lecanoric acid. In addition, it was determined that the most effective among the tested compounds was vulpinic acid. © 2018, National Science Foundation. All rights reserved.
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    Determination of antigenotoxic effects of four lichen species by using human lymphocytes
    (Parlar Scientific Publications, 2015) Anar M.; Asian A.; Ceker S.; Kizil H.E.; Alpsoy L.; Agar G.
    In this study, the geno-toxic and antigeno-toxic properties of the total extracts of four lichen species were investigated by using human lymphocytes. We obtained total extracts from R farinacea, X. parietina, U. articulataand U. filipendula lichen species. The results of our studies showed that 5 ?M concentrations of AFB1 changed the frequencies of micronucleus (MN) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, as well as superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities. When 5,10 and 20 ?g/ml concentrations of total extract were added to AFB1, the frequencies of MN and MDA levels were decreased, and SOD, GSH and GPx levels were increased. Consequently, our findings show that four lichen total extracts have strong antigenotoxic properties against aflatoxin Bi. © by PSP.
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    Erratum to: “Antagonistic effects of Satureja hortensis essential oil against AFB1, on human lymphocytes in vitro” (Cytology and Genetics, (2014), 48, (5), 327, 10.3103/S0095452715010120)
    (Allerton Press Incorporation, 2015) Ceker S.; Agar G.; Alpsoy L.; Nardemir G.; Kizil H.E.
    [No abstract available]
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    Genotoxic and antigenotoxic potentials of two Usnea species
    (2015) Ceker S.; Orhan F.; Kizil H.E.; Alpsoy L.; Gulluce M.; Aslan A.; Agar G.
    For ages, lichens have long been investigated popularly for biological roles, mainly antitumor, antimicrobial and antioxidant activities. Many positive results were obtained in these previous research. Thus, in this study, we aimed to determine whether extracts of Usnea articulata (UAE) and Usnea filipendula (UFE) possessing a protection against aflatoxin B1(AFB1)-induced genotoxic and oxidative damage. The results of our studies showed that 5 ?M concentrations of AFB1increased the frequencies of sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and the level of malondialdehyde (MDA) and decreased the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione (GSH) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx). However, when 5, 10 and 20 µg/mL concentrations of UAE and UFE was added to AFB1, the frequencies of SCE and MDA level were decreased and SOD, GSH and GPx level were increased. The Ames (Salmonella typhimurium TA1535, TA1537) and WP2 (Escherichia coli) test systems carried out evinced that UAE and UFE possess any mutagenicity, but have antimutagenic effects. Consequently, the results of this experiment have clearly shown that UAE and UFE have strong antioxidative and antigenotoxic effects that are associated with its antioxidant nature. A detailed study can be performed to determine the antioxidant properties of each compound that will extend the use of lichen extracts in food and pharmacy industries. © 2013, SAGE Publications. All rights reserved.
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    Investigation of anti-oxidative and anti-genotoxic effects of Origanum vulgare L. essential oil on human lymphocytes in vitro
    (2012) Ceker S.; Agar G.; Nardemir G.; Anar M.; Kizil H.E.; Alpsoy L.
    Origanum vulgare L. (Lamiaceae) is a flavoring herb widely using around the world. Some preparations and extracts from O. vulgare have been used in Turkish traditional medicine to treat several ailments including digestive disorders and menstrual problems. This study is designed to examine the chemical composition and in vitro antigenotoxic and antioxidant activity of the essential oil of O. vulgare (OVE) from Turkey. The essential oil of O. vulgare was analized by using GC. OVEs that were investigated antagonistic effects against oxidative stress and the genotoxic effects of aflatoksin B1 (AFB1). Anti-genotoxic activity was evaluated by sister chromatid exchanges (SCEs) and micronucleus (MN) tests. In additional to investigating protective role of OVEs against the oxidative stress of AFB1 in vitro, oxidative status was assessed on erythrocytes by measuring following oxidative stress markers like; super oxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), malondialdehyde (MDA).The total of the 25 identified components are accounted for 96.03 % (GC). Major components of the oil were ?-caryophyllene (20.40%), and caryophyllene oxide (34.44%). In the SCE and MN tests, it was observed that OVEs suppressed the mutagenic effects of AFB1. OVEs were observed to modulate the adverse effects of AFB1. The results of this experiment clearly reveal that OVEs have strong anti-oxidative and anti-genotoxic effect. These anti-genotoxic effects of O. vulgare essential oils are probably related to its action on the enzymatic activation system. Anti-oxidative and anti-genotoxic effect may be role of these compounds (?-caryophyllene and caryophyllene oxide). © 2012, Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons.
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    Protective Role of Mentha longifolia L. ssp. longifolia against Aflatoxin B
    (2013) Ceker S.; Agar G.; Alpsoy L.; Nardemir G.; Kizil H.E.; Mete E.
    The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of essential oil of Mentha longifolia L. ssp. longifolia, used since ancient times for the treatment of many digestive tract diseases, on the genotoxicity and oxidative stress by a single dose of Aflatoxin B1 (5 ?M) in the human lymphocyte culture. The total of the 12 identified components accounted for 97.69 % by Gas chromatography (GC). Major components of the oil were cis-piperitone epoxide (26.52 %), piperitenone oxide (26.40 %), pulegone (15.66 %) and piperitenone (13.57 %). According to the results obtained from GC-MS systems, monoterpenes consist of 89.19 % of the total oil approximately while sesquiterpenes were represented in small quantities in the oil. We studied the anti-genotoxic effects of essential oils of M. longifolia (MEO) by using sister chromatid exchange (SCE) and micronucleus (MN) test systems. Also, the anti-oxidative effects of MEO were evaluated by using superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and malondialdehyde (MDA) assay. The SCE frequency and the number of MN were increased when treated with AFB1. Especially, MEO at 1.5 and 2.0 ?l reduced SCE frequency and MN number in the human lymphocyte (p <0.05). In addition, AFB1 treatment significantly reduced the activity of SOD and GPx and elevated the level of MDA (p<0.05). MEOs treatment led to significant attenuation of AFB1-induced oxidative stress by normalization of the activities of SOD and GPx and the MDA (p < 0.05). These results suggest that MEOs could provide anti-oxidative and anti-genotoxic protection for the oxidative and genotoxic agents that cause many diseases including cancer and neurodegenerative disease. © 2013 Har Krishan Bhalla & Sons.