Experimental Electromagnetic Shielding Analysis of a Square-Resonator-Integrated Double-Concrete Structure Using Explainable Machine Learning

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dc.contributor.authorCakir, Mehmet
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-01T15:52:34Z
dc.date.available2026-09-01T15:52:34Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentBayburt Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractElectromagnetic shielding has become a practical concern in buildings and structures exposed to persistent interference. This paper reports experimental measurements of the frequency-dependent shielding properties of a square-resonator-integrated double-concrete structure, using a free-space S-parameter setup built around WR229 waveguide adaptors and horn antennas. Three variables were tested: concrete thickness D, relative permittivity epsilon r, and relative magnetic permeability mu r. Both epsilon r and mu r were characterized experimentally from carbon-fibre- and copper-slag-modified concrete rather than taken from standard tables. The novelty of the study lies in combining experimentally characterized concrete electromagnetic properties, an embedded square-resonator geometry, and explainability-driven machine learning analysis within a single experimental framework for cement-based EMI shielding design. A total of 96 parameter combinations were evaluated using calibrated S11 and reference-corrected S21 responses across 3.3-4.9 GHz. Thickness and electromagnetic material properties interacted-neither governed shielding performance on its own. The strongest transmission attenuation occurred at D = 5, epsilon r = 7, and mu r = 1.2, where minimum S21 reached approximately -62.98 dB at 3.6392 GHz. S11 varied considerably less than S21 across the tested combinations, suggesting transmission suppression is the dominant mechanism rather than reflection enhancement. A machine learning analysis confirmed that nonlinear ensemble models outperformed the linear baseline and identified thickness as the most influential predictor of minimum S21.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research received no external funding.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/electronics15122742
dc.identifier.issn2079-9292
dc.identifier.issue12
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105043083763
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics15122742
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/8449
dc.identifier.volume15
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001802209000001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.institutionauthorCakir, Mehmet
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.ispartofElectronics
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260820
dc.subjectElectromagnetic Shielding
dc.subjectConcrete-Based Structure
dc.subjectSquare Resonator
dc.subjectS-Parameter Analysis
dc.subjectMachine Learning
dc.subjectExplainable Artificial Intelligence
dc.titleExperimental Electromagnetic Shielding Analysis of a Square-Resonator-Integrated Double-Concrete Structure Using Explainable Machine Learning
dc.typeArticle

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