Ultrasonic assisted extraction of water-soluble vitamins from minor components of bee pollen with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as green solvent

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dc.authoridBayram, Sinan/0000-0002-2156-1566
dc.contributor.authorCelik, Saffet
dc.contributor.authorGercek, Yusuf Can
dc.contributor.authorKutlu, Naciye
dc.contributor.authorBayram, Sinan
dc.contributor.authorKirkinci, Seran
dc.contributor.authorBayram, Nesrin Ecem
dc.date.accessioned2024-10-04T18:54:06Z
dc.date.available2024-10-04T18:54:06Z
dc.date.issued2024
dc.departmentBayburt Üniversitesien_US
dc.description.abstractIn this study, different deep eutectic solvents (DESs) were used for vitamin extraction from bee pollen. The DES combination with the highest total amount of individual vitamins was choline chloride: ethylene glycol (molar ratio 1:2). The response surface method was then used to optimize the extraction conditions. The independent variables used for optimization were ultrasonic power, time, and temperature, while the dependent variables were the total individual amino acids, total individual phenolic compounds, and total individual vitamin contents. Spectrophotometric analyses and antimicrobial activity were also determined in the extracts. In addition, AGREEprep, ComplexGAPI and BAGI tools were used to evaluate the greenness of the method. The results obtained with DES were compared with water, ethanol, and methanol extracts, which were considered control groups. As a result of optimization, the optimum conditions were found to be 75 % for ultrasonic power, 71.5 min for sonication time, and 40 degrees C for ultrasonic bath temperature. The model's composite desirability value (d) was found to be 0.81. The predicted value and the experimental values were close to each other. Furthermore, the most dominant vitamin in DES extracts was ascorbic acid, the most dominant amino acid was proline, and the most dominant phenolic compound was myricetin. The amounts of these compounds were higher than those obtained from water, ethanol, and methanol extracts. The spectrophotometric analysis results obtained higher yields with DES compared to the control groups. Antimicrobial activity analysis showed that pollen extracts prepared using choline chloride: ethylene glycol had a weak inhibitory effect for Gram-positive and Gramnegative bacteria but not yeast-like fungal strains. In conclusion, DES has been successfully used to extract vitamins and other bioactive compounds from bee pollen. The results obtained showed that DESs can be an alternative to organic solvents for the extraction of vitamins, which are among the minor components of bee pollen. Besides, the potential of the application different DESs for more efficient extraction of vitamins and components with important pharmaceutical properties from bee pollen needs to be evaluated in detail.en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipTrakya University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit [2022/206]en_US
dc.description.sponsorshipThis study was supported by the Trakya University Scientific Research Projects Coordination Unit. (Project No. 2022/206) .en_US
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.microc.2024.111093
dc.identifier.issn0026-265X
dc.identifier.issn1095-9149
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-85197470522en_US
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1en_US
dc.identifier.urihttps://doi.org/10.1016/j.microc.2024.111093
dc.identifier.urihttp://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/3863
dc.identifier.volume204en_US
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001265433300001en_US
dc.identifier.wosqualityN/Aen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Scienceen_US
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopusen_US
dc.language.isoenen_US
dc.publisherElsevieren_US
dc.relation.ispartofMicrochemical Journalen_US
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanıen_US
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccessen_US
dc.subjectBee pollenen_US
dc.subjectOptimizationen_US
dc.subjectDeep eutectic solventen_US
dc.subjectVitamin profileen_US
dc.subjectUltrasonic extractionen_US
dc.titleUltrasonic assisted extraction of water-soluble vitamins from minor components of bee pollen with deep eutectic solvents (DESs) as green solventen_US
dc.typeArticleen_US

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