Experimental 4E analysis (energy-exergy-economic-environmental) of hybrid parabolic trough collector-thermoelectric generator-phase change material cogeneration system

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dc.contributor.authorGuclu, Tamer
dc.contributor.authorCuce, Pinar Mert
dc.contributor.authorCuce, Erdem
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-01T15:53:08Z
dc.date.available2026-09-01T15:53:08Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentBayburt Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractHybrid solar cogeneration systems are critical for enhancing energy utilisation and mitigating the intermittency of solar resources. This study presents a comprehensive 4E (Energy-Exergy-Economic-Environmental) experimental analysis of a novel hybrid system that uniquely integrates a Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC), a smallscale steam turbine, a Thermoelectric Generator (TEG) assembly, and a Phase Change Material (PCM) thermal storage unit. The system's performance was investigated under 15 distinct operating conditions, varying initial water masses (0.1, 0.15, 0.2 kg) and operating pressures (6, 8, 10, 12, and 14 bar). Experimental results demonstrated the system's adaptive cogeneration capabilities. At 14 bar and 0.2 kg, the system achieved its maximum Solar-to-Electricity efficiency of 0.42%. At this operating condition, the highest collector thermal efficiency was 25.25% (at 6 bar), and the maximum overall energy and exergy efficiencies were 8.43% and 1.45%, respectively. A key finding was the system's adaptive electrical output: at low pressures (6 bar), the TEG acted as a crucial co-generator, supplying up to 55% of the electricity, whereas at high pressures (14 bar), the turbine dominated, accounting for 88-90% of the output. Furthermore, the study experimentally confirmed that latent heat transfer was the dominant heat transfer mechanism for the PCM, with latent heat contributing similar to 445 kJ (55%) of the 805 kJ total energy stored. The thermo-economic analysis confirmed the system's viability, yielding a Simple Payback Period (Spp) of 6.9 years and a competitive Levelised Cost of Energy (LCOE) of $0.101/ kWh. The system is projected to save 118.8 kg of CO2 and 660 L of water annually. The results validate the thermodynamic and economic feasibility of the integrated PTC-Turbine-TEG-PCM concept as a flexible solution for small-scale solar cogeneration.
dc.description.sponsorshipTurkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) -- Erdem Cuce is grateful to the Turkish Academy of Sciences (TUBA) for their financial support for this research.
dc.identifier.doi10.1016/j.energy.2026.140702
dc.identifier.issn0360-5442
dc.identifier.issn1873-6785
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105035629892
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ1
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.energy.2026.140702
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/8529
dc.identifier.volume349
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001716684200001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ1
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherPergamon-Elsevier Science Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofEnergy
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260820
dc.subjectCogeneration
dc.subjectHybrid Solar System
dc.subjectParabolic Trough Collector (Ptc)
dc.subjectThermoelectric Generator (Teg)
dc.subjectPhase Change Material (Pcm)
dc.subject4E Analysis
dc.subjectExergy
dc.titleExperimental 4E analysis (energy-exergy-economic-environmental) of hybrid parabolic trough collector-thermoelectric generator-phase change material cogeneration system
dc.typeArticle

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