Dual-Band Electromagnetic Shielding of Concrete Block Walls Using Concentric Double Square-Ring Frequency-Selective Surfaces near the n78 and n79 5G Frequency Regions

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dc.contributor.authorCakir, Mehmet
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-01T15:52:34Z
dc.date.available2026-09-01T15:52:34Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentBayburt Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractFeatured Application This study demonstrates a concrete-integrated dual-band frequency-selective shielding approach for selectively attenuating the main sub-6 GHz 5G n78 and n79 frequency regions in building walls without increasing wall thickness or altering conventional concrete block geometry.Abstract This paper presents a dual-band shielding approach in which two concentric square rings, fabricated on a single 0.2 mm copper sheet, are embedded in the mortar joint of prefabricated concrete blocks. The outer ring targets n78 (design center 3.5 GHz) and the inner ring targets n79 (design center 4.7 GHz). Both rings are dimensioned from the effective wavelength inside the concrete medium (epsilon r = 5.0): the outer ring has an outer side of 9.93 mm and the inner ring an outer side of 7.43 mm, with a 180 degrees gap offset between the two elements to suppress inter-ring coupling. CST Microwave Studio simulations predicted two shielding peaks of 37.2 dB at 3.48 GHz and 35.8 dB at 4.72 GHz, with -10 dB bandwidths of 580 MHz and 490 MHz, respectively. Computer numerical control (CNC)-milled copper panels cast into ordinary Portland cement (OPC) concrete blocks achieved measured peak SE of 34.9 dB (n78) and 33.4 dB (n79), with bandwidths of 510 MHz and 420 MHz. The 2.3-2.4 dB shortfall relative to simulation is attributed to coupling-gap drift during milling and spacer-induced surface voids. A permittivity sweep from epsilon r = 4.5 to 6.0 showed that peak SE remains above 30 dB throughout.
dc.description.sponsorshipThis research received no external funding.
dc.identifier.doi10.3390/app16126116
dc.identifier.issn2076-3417
dc.identifier.issue12
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105043056466
dc.identifier.scopusqualityN/A
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app16126116
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/8453
dc.identifier.volume16
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001801925800001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.institutionauthorCakir, Mehmet
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherMDPI
dc.relation.ispartofApplied Sciences-Basel
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260820
dc.subjectDual-Band Electromagnetic Shielding
dc.subjectConcentric Square-Ring Resonator
dc.subjectFrequency-Selective Surface
dc.titleDual-Band Electromagnetic Shielding of Concrete Block Walls Using Concentric Double Square-Ring Frequency-Selective Surfaces near the n78 and n79 5G Frequency Regions
dc.typeArticle

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