Weathering effects on pendulum hardness, and pull-off adhesion testing of water-based varnish on thermally treated iroko wood

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dc.contributor.authorUlay, Goksel
dc.contributor.authorAkter, Mete
dc.contributor.authorCakicier, Nevzat
dc.contributor.authorAyata, Umit
dc.date.accessioned2026-09-01T15:52:37Z
dc.date.available2026-09-01T15:52:37Z
dc.date.issued2026
dc.departmentBayburt Üniversitesi
dc.description.abstractThis study evaluated the effects of different weathering durations (168, 336, and 504 h) on surface hardness and adhesion strength of both heat-treated (1.5 h at 190 degrees C and 2 h at 212 degrees C) and untreated iroko (Chlorophora excelsa) wood surfaces after application of water-based varnish (WBV). Pendulum hardness (s) and pull-off adhesion (MPa) tests were performed after weathering. According to the results, in the untreated control group, hardness increased from 30 s to 45 s after 504 h of weathering, showing a 48% increase. In the samples treated at 190 degrees C, hardness increased from 25 s to 41 s after 504 h, showing a 61% increase. The highest increase was observed in the samples treated at 212 degrees C. Here, the hardness increased from 23 s to 44 s, representing a 91% increase after 504 h of weathering. The highest initial surface adhesion strength (5.30 MPa) was obtained in the unheated samples; however, this value decreased significantly after weathering. Although the initial adhesion strength was lower in the heat-treated samples, those treated at 212 degrees C for 2 h exhibited more stable weathering performance. The results show that the acceleration of weathering and the application of heat significantly affect the effectiveness of the varnish coating.
dc.identifier.doi10.1080/01694243.2026.2675489
dc.identifier.issn0169-4243
dc.identifier.issn1568-5616
dc.identifier.scopus2-s2.0-105039962720
dc.identifier.scopusqualityQ2
dc.identifier.urihttp://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01694243.2026.2675489
dc.identifier.urihttps://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12403/8511
dc.identifier.wosWOS:001776046100001
dc.identifier.wosqualityQ2
dc.indekslendigikaynakWeb of Science
dc.indekslendigikaynakScopus
dc.language.isoen
dc.publisherTaylor & Francis Ltd
dc.relation.ispartofJournal of Adhesion Science and Technology
dc.relation.publicationcategoryMakale - Uluslararası Hakemli Dergi - Kurum Öğretim Elemanı
dc.rightsinfo:eu-repo/semantics/closedAccess
dc.snmzKA_WOS_20260820
dc.subjectIroko Wood
dc.subjectAccelerated Weathering
dc.subjectPendulum Hardness
dc.subjectPull-Off Adhesion Testing
dc.subjectWater Based Varnish
dc.titleWeathering effects on pendulum hardness, and pull-off adhesion testing of water-based varnish on thermally treated iroko wood
dc.typeArticle

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